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161. Archived: Evidence Summary: Skin Cancer: Counseling, 2003 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/skin-cancer-counseling-2003
     October 06, 2003 - A large primary tumor (>2 cm) is associated with an increased risk of metastasis. … To find controlled trials of counseling (question 6), we searched MEDLINE® using the terms "skin neoplasms … In this study, 650 incident cases of melanoma in 1987-1989 were identified through the Connecticut Tumor … Good No difference in the incidence of first cancers. … Sunscreen reduced the total incidence of squamous cell cancers but not basal cell cancers.

162. Summary of USPSTF Draft Recommendation: Screening for Cervical Cancer (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/3UuREAobGvgLbE_FBAnrYQ
     January 13, 2025 - Cervical cancer is a cancer that begins in the cells of the cervix (which is the lower part of the uterus … cervix and do not have a history of a high-grade precancerous lesion (i.e., cervical intraepithelial neoplasia … • Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable types of cancer. … • Screening for cervical cancer saves lives and helps find cancer early when it is treatable. … ) What Is Cervical Cancer?

163. Archived: Breast Cancer: Screening, 2002 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-cancer-screening-2002
     September 03, 2002 - Email Print archived Final Recommendation Statement Breast Cancer … has been replaced by the following: Breast Cancer … Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) 2002 recommendations on screening for breast cancer. … Women who are at increased risk for breast cancer (e.g., those with a family history of breast cancer … recommend annual mammography based on the lower sensitivity of the test and on evidence that tumors

164. Archived: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening-2012
     March 15, 2012 - cervix and who do not have a history of a high-grade precancerous lesion (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia … Efficacy of human papillomavirus testing for the detection of invasive cervical cancers and cervical … intraepithelial neoplasia: a randomised controlled trial. … Human papillomavirus DNA testing for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 and … Human papillomavirus testing for the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer

165. Research Gaps for Screening Breast Cancer: Evidence Gaps Research Taxonomy Table (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/QTkyWhfQHqFUy4He2B6HU4
     April 09, 2024 - KQ2: Detection of advanced cancers (e.g., stage IIA/IIB) and stage distribution of any invasive breast … Interval cancers (false negative and incident cancers presenting clinically between screening visits … Studies are needed that report outcomes such as the rates of advanced breast cancers diagnosed across … and across multiple rounds of followup, including interval cancers. … cancer at the time of screening and across multiple rounds of followup, including interval cancers

166. Archived: Skin Cancer: Screening, April 2001 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/skin-cancer-screening-2001
     April 01, 2001 - , or squamous cell skin cancer. … ("A," "B," "C," "D"), or rapidly changing lesions are features associated with an increased risk of malignancy … from melanoma, but early detection and treatment may reduce morbidity and disfigurement from these cancers … No studies were found that evaluated whether screening improves the outcomes of these cancers. … Prevention of skin cancer.

167. Collaborative Modeling to Compare Different Breast Cancer Screening Strategies: A Decision Analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ZSVRTLv938Gtr5au4-6eYL
     September 01, 2024 - cycles).43-46 Based on published data, treatment benefit was therefore reduced by 28% for ER-negative tumors … -49, 50-64, 65-74, 75-89 y), screening round/interval (first, annual, biennial) for screen-detected cancers … Underlying incidence in the absence of screening and the propor- tion of tumors that were nonprogressive … Racial and ethnic differences in breast cancer survival: mediating effect of tumor characteristics and … for screening-detected and interval cancers.

168. Evidence Summary: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary21/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling
     February 03, 2014 - prevention that also reported on other cancers). … cancers in male smokers. … Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms … Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin … Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers.

169. Archived: Evidence Summary: Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary21/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cancer-and-cvd-counseling-february-2014
     February 03, 2014 - prevention that also reported on other cancers). … cancers in male smokers. … Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms … Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin … Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers.

170. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary12/cervical-cancer-screening-2012
     October 18, 2011 - controlled trials (RCTs) (120,533 participants), primary HPV screening detected more cases of CIN grade 3 or cancers … Rate of cervical cancer, severe intraepithelial neoplasia, and adenocarcinoma in situ in primary HPV … Natural history of cervical neoplasia and risk of invasive cancer in women with cervical intraepithelial … neoplasia 3: a retrospective cohort study. … Efficacy of human papillomavirus testing for the detection of invasive cervical cancers and cervical

171. Benefits and Harms of Computed Tomography Lung Cancer Screening Programs for High Risk Populations (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/RkeQEwKRWULreuWecXG8S-
     July 01, 2013 - compared with the stage-specific survival if the same tumor had been diagnosed clinically, later … curative treatment fails, the survival of the patient will equal the survival in the case in which the tumor … Model F estimates cure rates that depend on sex, tumor stage, and histology. … For detected cancers in Model U, time to death from lung cancer is based on survival models that define … Model S estimates the probability of lethal metastases as a function of tumor size, histology, and

172. Routine Vitamin Supplementation to U.S. Preventive Services Task Force - Recommendations and Rationale (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/8VDGX2azX2-s7FfxDeKMPN
     June 01, 2003 - have generally shown no significant associations between use of vitamin C supplements and the risk for cancers … but may have a beneficial impact on prostate cancer.14 Because prostate cancer was not a primary endpoint … The effect of vitamin E and beta-carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers … Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta-carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms … J Nat Cancer Inst. 1999;91:2102–2106. 23.

173. Archived: Modeling Report: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/modeling-report/lung-cancer-screening-december-2013
     July 30, 2013 - compared with the stage-specific survival if the same tumor had been diagnosed clinically, later in … curative treatment fails, the survival of the patient will equal the survival in the case in which the tumor … Model F estimates cure rates that depend on sex, tumor stage, and histology. … For detected cancers in Model U, time to death from lung cancer is based on survival models that define … Model S estimates the probability of lethal metastases as a function of tumor size, histology, and sex

174. Archived: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening-2008
     October 15, 2008 - Although single test performance is an important issue in the detection of colorectal neoplasia, the … Unfortunately, data that permit assessment and comparison of screening methods to detect colorectal neoplasia … The lead time between the detection and treatment of colorectal neoplasia and a mortality benefit is … insufficient evidence to assess the sensitivity and specificity of fecal DNA testing for colorectal neoplasia … Computed tomographic virtual colonoscopy to screen for colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic adults.

175. Evidence Summary: Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/vitamin-supplementation-to-prevent-cvd-and-cancer-preventive-medication
     June 21, 2022 - Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms … The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers … Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin … : reasonably consistent, precise for increased risk Any cancers and other site-specific cancers: consistent … : moderate for an increased risk for beta carotene Any cancer and other site-specific cancers: low

176. Archived: Skin Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/skin-cancer-screening-2009
     February 15, 2009 - Features associated with increased risk for malignancy include: asymmetry, border irregularity, color … melanoma; in theory, early detection and treatment could reduce morbidity and disfigurement from these cancers … In addition to detecting false-positive lesions, screening identifies nonmelanoma skin cancers and thin … National Cancer Institute. Skin Cancer Screening (PDQ). National Cancer Institute, 2005. … American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures 2004 .

177. Screening for Bladder Cancer in Adults - Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/C6gCSoknL3qd32EDovsUsh
     November 01, 2004 - screening would be small, at best, for the following reasons: there is fair evidence that many of the cancers … tests—such as microscopic urinalysis, urine dipstick, urine cytology, or such new tests as bladder tumor … antigen (BTA) or nuclear matrix protein (NMP22) immunoassay—can detect bladder cancers that are clinically … Screening for Bladder Cancer in Adults Recommendation Statement U.S. … • Smoking increases the risk for bladder cancer; about 50% of all cases of bladder cancer occur in

178. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DcUgaNRhU6PvJWXqqsa8X7
     June 14, 2016 - Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Summary of USPSTF Recommendation Figure. … Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Summary Population Adults aged 50 to 75 y Adults aged 76 … to 85 y Recommendation Screen for colorectal cancer starting at age 50 y. … Grade: A The decision to screen for colorectal cancer is an individual one. … excision or simple polypectomy for tumors limited to the colonic mucosa or surgical resection (via

179. Screening for Ovarian Cancer (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/4ZTya9p9jL2PzyVc2o4N7t
     September 01, 2012 - What is ovarian cancer? Ovarian cancer is cancer that occurs in the ovary. … Screening for Ovarian Cancer Ovarian cancer is not a common cancer, and it is hard to detect. … is no cancer. … Click Here to Learn More About Ovarian Cancer and What Happens During Screening Tests Ovarian Cancer … (Medline Plus) Ovarian Cancer Screening (PDQ®) (National Cancer Institute) http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org

180. Screening for Skin Cancer (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/XJDNVYtZUo-CJJcsWum98D
     October 12, 2012 - Screening for Skin Cancer MENOPAUSAL HORMONE THERAPY FOR THE PRIMARY PREVENTION OF CHRONIC CONDITIONS … there is an accompanying increased risk for serious adverse events, such as stroke, invasive breast cancer … 0.625 mg/d) decreases the risk for fractures and has a small effect on the risk for invasive breast cancer … made recommendations on screening for osteoporosis and the use of preventive medications for breast cancer … , breast cancer, and dementia.