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21. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cancer-anemia-update_research-protocol.pdf
    June 16, 2010 - The prevalence of anemia varies according to the type of neoplasia.7 Patients with hematological malignancies … versus hematological malignancies versus mixed (studies including both solid tumors and hematological … * OR tumor OR tumors OR tumour* OR neoplas* OR carcinom* #59 Search erythropoietin OR epoetin* OR … "[Mesh] OR "Carcinoma"[Mesh] OR malignan* OR cancer OR cancers OR cancerous OR oncolog* OR myelodysplas … * OR tumor OR tumors OR tumour* OR neoplas* OR carcinom*) AND ("adverse effects "[Subheading

22. Colorectal-Cancer-Protocol_130520 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/colorectal-cancer-staging_research-protocol.pdf
    May 20, 2013 - Further, PET exams can produce false-negative results in metabolically inactive tumors or false-positive … Although we have grouped all colon and rectal cancers together as “colorectal cancer” as an inclusion … The process of categorizing tumors as per standardized classification systems based on the size, extent … exp Colorectal Neoplasms/ or exp colon cancer/ or exp colon tumor/ or exp rectum cancer/ or exp rectum … $)).ti,ab. 2 Staging neoplasm staging/ or cancer staging/ or (stag$ or restag$ or re-stag$).ti,ab.

23. Liver-Cancer-Therapy Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/liver-cancer-therapy_research-protocol.pdf
    November 28, 2012 - Unlike most solid tumors, the future incidence of and mortality rate due to HCC are projected to increase … using the following string of search terms: "Carcinoma, Hepatocellular"[Mesh] OR (hepatocellular AND (neoplasm … * OR cancer OR cancers OR carcinoma)) AND Unresectable OR nonresectable OR inoperable OR irresectable … comparative studies, and case series by using the following string of search terms: hepatocellular AND (neoplasm … * OR cancer OR cancers OR carcinoma) AND (unresectable OR nonresectable OR inoperable OR irresectable

24. Liver-Cancer-Therapy Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/liver-cancer-therapy_executive.pdf
    May 01, 2013 - One study reported cancer-free survival (from time of study treatment to local tumor progression), extrahepatic … Authors varied in how these tumor characteristics were described: mean number and size of tumors, median … number and size of tumors, range of number and size of tumors, percent solitary and nonsolitary tumors … Hepatobiliary Cancers. Version 2. 2010. … Treatment of large and/ or multiple hepatic malignancies: open surgical approaches of radiofrequency

25. Tx-For-Localized-Prostate-Cancer Surveillanceassesment 20120614 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/tx-for-localized-prostate-cancer_surveillanceassesment_20120614.pdf
    May 01, 2012 - How do tumor characteristics affect outcomes? … volume to identify low-, intermediate-, and high risk tumors. … OR "prostate cancer" AND Limits: Meta-Analysis OR prostatic neoplasms OR "prostate cancer" AND … OR "prostate cancer" AND prostate-specific antigen OR "tumor characteristics" OR "tumor volume" OR … volume to identify low-, intermediate-, and high risk tumors.

26. Tx-For-Localized-Prostate-Cancer Surveillanceassesment 20120614 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/tx-for-localized-prostate-cancer_surveillanceassesment_20120614.pdf
    May 01, 2012 - How do tumor characteristics affect outcomes? … volume to identify low-, intermediate-, and high risk tumors. … OR "prostate cancer" AND Limits: Meta-Analysis OR prostatic neoplasms OR "prostate cancer" AND … OR "prostate cancer" AND prostate-specific antigen OR "tumor characteristics" OR "tumor volume" OR … volume to identify low-, intermediate-, and high risk tumors.

27. Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer Update (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/head-neck-cancer-update_disposition.pdf
    December 09, 2014 - , not salivary gland cancers. … Listing patients with salivary gland cancers as head and neck cancers is understandable since they … Therefore, because use of brachytherapy alone for primary management of head and neck malignancies … Historically, it has been used extensively in many tumor types, including head and neck cancer. … Therefore, because use of brachytherapy alone for primary management of head and neck malignancies

28. Bladder-Cancer-Non-Muscle-Invasive Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/bladder-cancer-non-muscle-invasive_research-protocol.pdf
    July 21, 2014 - Stage 2 cancers are muscle-invasive, and higher stage cancers invade beyond the muscle layer into surrounding … percent.7 As many as 70 percent of Non-MIBC tumors will recur after initial treatment, with a 10-20 … These include the stage of the cancer, tumor grade, whether the tumor is an initial tumor or a recurrence … and Treatment of Non- metastatic Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer 1. exp Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/ … ((sign or signs or symptom$ or possib$ or suspect$ or potential$) adj5 (bladder$ adj3 (cancer$ or tumor

29. Liver-Cancer Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/liver-cancer_executive.pdf
    October 01, 2014 - Executive Summary Background and Objectives Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant … neoplasm of the liver, usually developing in individuals with chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. … Worldwide, it is the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer death.1 There … National Cancer Institute. Liver Cancer. www.cancer.gov/ cancertopics/types/liver. … SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2010.

30. Rapid Response: Efficacy of Dental Services for Reducing Adverse Events in Those Receiving Chemotherapy for Cancer (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rapid-response-chemotherapy-dental.pdf
    July 01, 2023 - The cancer conditions included acute leukemias, clinically advanced multiple myeloma, solid tumors with … Management of the neck in early oral cancers: Is the verdict out? … potential dental focal infection before the first cycle of chemotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancy … searched: December 16, 2022 1 Bone Marrow Transplantation/ or exp Immunosuppression Therapy/ or exp Neoplasms … leukemia* or lymphom* or malig* or neoplas* or onco* or radiat* or radiotherap* or "radio-therap*" or tumor

31. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol: Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/prostate-cancer-therapies-protocol_amended110619.pdf
    November 02, 2019 - non-dermatologic malignancy (174,650 new cases) and the second leading cause of cancer death (31,620 … With AS, tumors are not immediately removed, irradiated, or ablated.3, 4 Instead, tumors are monitored … Stage 1 T2= tumor Stage 2 T3= tumor Stage 3 T4= tumor Stage 4 WMD= weighted mean differences WW … / (121506) 2 (prostat* and (neoplasm* or cancer* or carcinoma*)).ti,ab. (142514) 3 watchful … / (9241) 2 (prostat$.ti,ab. or Prostate/) and (cancer.ti,ab. or Neoplasms/ or neoplasm$.mp. or

32. Prostate-Cancer-Therapies-Update Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prostate-cancer-therapies-update_executive.pdf
    December 01, 2014 - localized prostate cancer.2 After biopsy confirms the presence of the cancer, pathologists report tumor … classification is based on the extent of primary tumor (T stages), whether cancer has spread to the … Clinicians make pretreatment assessment of whether prostate cancer is localized by determining tumor … Ten to 15 years ago, prostate cancers were primarily detected by digital rectal examination or tissue … Currently, the vast majority of prostate cancers detected in the United States are found by PSA testing

33. Colorectal-Cancer-Staging Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/colorectal-cancer-staging_executive.pdf
    September 01, 2014 - Health care costs associated with care of these cancers is high, second only to breast cancer.3,4 … The AJCC system aims to characterize the anatomic extent of colorectal cancer based on three tumor … characteristics: the extent of tumor infiltration into the bowel wall (tumor stage, designated as “ … For example, tumors confined to the rectal wall can be treated primarily by upfront surgical resection … Diagnostic precision of CT in local staging of colon cancers: a meta-analysis.

34. Project Title: Evaluation of Suspicious Skin Lesions Using Non-Invasive Diagnostic Techniques, a Technical Brief (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/skin-lesions-evaluation_research-protocol.pdf
    August 23, 2010 - cancer in men and women, accounting for nearly half of all malignancies. … examine how these emerging non-invasive imaging modalities could be used to help diagnose cancerous tumors … whether or not patients have a history of other malignancies. … The rationale for this is the growing recognition of skin cancer as a leading form of second malignancy … Association of nonmelanoma skin cancer with second malignancy. Cancer 2004 January 1;100(1):130-8.

35. Effective Health Care (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cancer-radiation_technical-brief.pdf
    November 01, 2009 - (e.g., lung, prostate, breast) and uncommon cancers (e.g., skull base tumors, uveal melanomas). … cancer) • Head and neck cancers, including malignancies of the brain (e.g., glioblastoma); of the … the sclera for some ocular cancers or in the uterus for some gynecologic malignancies), or may be directly … ), and cancers of the head and neck (brain tumors, and tumors arising from skull base, cervical spine … Treated cancers included malignant tumors in the head, neck and spine, non- small cell lung cancer, prostate

36. Technical Brief 13: Gene Expression Profiling for Predicting Outcomes in Stage II Colon Cancer (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/colon-cancer-gene-profiling_technical-brief.pdf
    December 01, 2012 - II Colon Cancer Colon cancer is a common malignancy affecting both women and men. … peritoneum), and IIC (T4b tumors where tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures … Colon cancer is a common malignancy in both women and men. … Search Strategy for MEDLINE® 1. exp Colorectal Neoplasms/ 2. … ((colorectal or colon$ or rectal or Sigmoid) adj3 (neoplasm$ or cancer$ or carcino$ or tumo?

37. Management of Renal Masses and Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current State of the Evidence (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-cancer_clinician.pdf
    July 01, 2017 - Renal cell carcinoma accounts for more than 94 percent of kidney malignancies. … treatment for patients with clinical stage T1a tumors (≤4 cm in diameter) and T1b tumors (4–7 cm) … (9,401) A positive relationship between tumor size and malignancy risk was found. 1.326 (1.220 to … and malignancy risk was found. … potential of tumors treated with RN.

38. Cancer | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/health-topics/cancer

39. Cancer-Anemia-Update Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cancer-anemia-update_executive.pdf
    April 01, 2013 - patients, depending on the type of malignancy and treatment. … Transfusion is one option for treating anemia related to cancer and cancer treatment. … alloimmunization, overtransfusion, and immune modulation with theoretically possible adverse effects on tumor … strategies and non-ESA strategies to manage anemia in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation for malignancy … There was considerable variability among trials, such as trial duration, tumor types, cancer therapy

40. Disposition of Comments_Blood-Based Tests for Multiple Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cell-free-dna-disposition-comments.pdf
    May 14, 2025 - First, multi-cancer tests are designed to pick up many cancers, including cancers that are both dread … Rationale: The accuracy of a TOO (tumor of origin) offering is beyond the scope of KQ3, which is evaluating … is a function of known biologic features of tumor aggressiveness.20 • The draft report incorrectly … of such tumors may not alter the clinical trajectory. … draft report recognizes that some MCED technologies, such as GRAIL’s Galleri, recognize “shared tumor