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61. NIH State-of-the-Science Conference: Role of Active Surveillance in the Management of Men With Localized Prostate Cancer | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/prostate-cancer-surveillance/research-protocol
    December 01, 2019 - The cancer is often localized, and most tumors have low histological grades and Gleason Scores. … half of them were expected to have early stage, low-risk tumors. 1 Thus, management of early stage, … Patient Characteristics Age Comorbidity Race/ethnicity Tumor Characteristics Stage … In addition to prostate neoplasms/cancer, search terms will include “active surveillance,” “watchful … Definition of Terms TNM = Tumor stage, node involvement, and metastasis.

62. Tx-For-Localized-Prostate-Cancer Surveillanceassesment 20120614 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/tx-for-localized-prostate-cancer_surveillanceassesment_20120614.pdf
    May 01, 2012 - How do tumor characteristics affect outcomes? … volume to identify low-, intermediate-, and high risk tumors. … OR "prostate cancer" AND Limits: Meta-Analysis OR prostatic neoplasms OR "prostate cancer" AND … OR "prostate cancer" AND prostate-specific antigen OR "tumor characteristics" OR "tumor volume" OR … volume to identify low-, intermediate-, and high risk tumors.

63. Tx-For-Localized-Prostate-Cancer Surveillanceassesment 20120614 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/tx-for-localized-prostate-cancer_surveillanceassesment_20120614.pdf
    May 01, 2012 - How do tumor characteristics affect outcomes? … volume to identify low-, intermediate-, and high risk tumors. … OR "prostate cancer" AND Limits: Meta-Analysis OR prostatic neoplasms OR "prostate cancer" AND … OR "prostate cancer" AND prostate-specific antigen OR "tumor characteristics" OR "tumor volume" OR … volume to identify low-, intermediate-, and high risk tumors.

64. Effective Health Care (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cancer-radiation_technical-brief.pdf
    November 01, 2009 - (e.g., lung, prostate, breast) and uncommon cancers (e.g., skull base tumors, uveal melanomas). … cancer) • Head and neck cancers, including malignancies of the brain (e.g., glioblastoma); of the … the sclera for some ocular cancers or in the uterus for some gynecologic malignancies), or may be directly … ), and cancers of the head and neck (brain tumors, and tumors arising from skull base, cervical spine … Treated cancers included malignant tumors in the head, neck and spine, non- small cell lung cancer, prostate

65. Management of Renal Masses and Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current State of the Evidence (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-cancer_clinician.pdf
    July 01, 2017 - Renal cell carcinoma accounts for more than 94 percent of kidney malignancies. … treatment for patients with clinical stage T1a tumors (≤4 cm in diameter) and T1b tumors (4–7 cm) … (9,401) A positive relationship between tumor size and malignancy risk was found. 1.326 (1.220 to … and malignancy risk was found. … potential of tumors treated with RN.

66. Methods Research Report - Progression-Free Survival: What Does It Mean for Psychological Well-Being or Quality of Life? (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/survival-quality_research.pdf
    April 01, 2013 - "[Mesh] OR (breast AND (cancer OR cancers OR neoplasms OR carcinoma*)) AND ("progression-free survival … "[Mesh] OR (breast AND (cancer OR cancers OR neoplasms OR carcinoma*)) AND ("progression-free survival … "[Mesh] OR (breast AND (cancer OR cancers OR neoplasms OR carcinoma*)) AND ("progression-free survival … "[Mesh] OR ((ovary OR ovarian) AND (cancer OR cancers OR neoplasms OR carcinoma*))) AND ("progression-free … ") AND (cancer OR cancers OR carcinoma* OR neoplasms))) AND ("progression-free survival" OR "time to

67. Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer Update (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/head-neck-cancer-update_disposition.pdf
    December 09, 2014 - , not salivary gland cancers. … Listing patients with salivary gland cancers as head and neck cancers is understandable since they … Therefore, because use of brachytherapy alone for primary management of head and neck malignancies … Historically, it has been used extensively in many tumor types, including head and neck cancer. … Therefore, because use of brachytherapy alone for primary management of head and neck malignancies

68. Childhood Brain Tumors | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/health-topics/childhood-brain-tumors
    They are among the most common types of childhood cancers . … Some are benign tumors, which aren't cancer. They can still be serious. … The options also depend on the type of tumor and where it is. … Removal of the tumor is often possible. If not, radiation, chemotherapy, or both may be used. … NIH: National Cancer Institute Source https://medlineplus.gov/childhoodbraintumors.html

69. Prostate-Cancer-Therapies-Update Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prostate-cancer-therapies-update_executive.pdf
    December 01, 2014 - localized prostate cancer.2 After biopsy confirms the presence of the cancer, pathologists report tumor … classification is based on the extent of primary tumor (T stages), whether cancer has spread to the … Clinicians make pretreatment assessment of whether prostate cancer is localized by determining tumor … Ten to 15 years ago, prostate cancers were primarily detected by digital rectal examination or tissue … Currently, the vast majority of prostate cancers detected in the United States are found by PSA testing

70. Bladder-Cancer-Non-Muscle-Invasive Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/bladder-cancer-non-muscle-invasive_research-protocol.pdf
    July 21, 2014 - Stage 2 cancers are muscle-invasive, and higher stage cancers invade beyond the muscle layer into surrounding … percent.7 As many as 70 percent of Non-MIBC tumors will recur after initial treatment, with a 10-20 … These include the stage of the cancer, tumor grade, whether the tumor is an initial tumor or a recurrence … and Treatment of Non- metastatic Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer 1. exp Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/ … ((sign or signs or symptom$ or possib$ or suspect$ or potential$) adj5 (bladder$ adj3 (cancer$ or tumor

71. Management of Renal Masses and Localized Renal Cancer | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/renal-cancer/research
    December 01, 2019 - In preoperative composite models of patient and tumor characteristics, male sex and increased tumor size … Cancer-specific survival was excellent among all management strategies with a median 5-year cancer-specific … Conclusions No composite model reliably predicts malignancy, although tumor size and male sex are highly … associated with malignancy. … Most patients with non-diagnostic biopsies who proceed to surgery are found to have malignancy.

72. Imaging for Pretreatment Staging of Small Cell Lung Cancer | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/lung-cancer-staging/research-protocol
    December 01, 2019 - cell lung cancer (SCLC) comprises approximately 15% of all lung cancers. 2 The five-year survival rate … Lung cancers are classified based on the size of the main tumor, whether it has locally invaded other … Pretreatment staging and planning 'cancer'/de OR cancer OR tumor* OR tumour* OR mass* OR neoplasm* … OR tumor* OR tumour* OR mass* OR neoplasm*) AND (stage OR staging OR class*) 9 Pretreatment … staging and planning (cancer[tiab] OR neoplasm[tiab] OR tumor*[tiab] OR tumour*[tiab]) AND (care[tiab

73. Colorectal-Cancer-Staging Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/colorectal-cancer-staging_executive.pdf
    September 01, 2014 - Health care costs associated with care of these cancers is high, second only to breast cancer.3,4 … The AJCC system aims to characterize the anatomic extent of colorectal cancer based on three tumor … characteristics: the extent of tumor infiltration into the bowel wall (tumor stage, designated as “ … For example, tumors confined to the rectal wall can be treated primarily by upfront surgical resection … Diagnostic precision of CT in local staging of colon cancers: a meta-analysis.

74. Bladder-Cancer-Muscle-Invasive Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/bladder-cancer-muscle-invasive_executive.pdf
    June 01, 2015 - as non– muscle-invasive bladder cancers. … Stage T4b cancer, in which the tumor has spread to the pelvis or abdominal wall; bladder cancer involving … Approximately 25 percent of newly diagnosed bladder cancers present as stage 2 or higher tumors.5 Once … These include the stage of the cancer, tumor grade, whether the tumor is an initial tumor or a recurrence … and bladder–cancer- specific mortality appeared to be stronger for lower stage tumors than for higher

75. Technical Brief 13: Gene Expression Profiling for Predicting Outcomes in Stage II Colon Cancer (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/colon-cancer-gene-profiling_technical-brief.pdf
    December 01, 2012 - II Colon Cancer Colon cancer is a common malignancy affecting both women and men. … peritoneum), and IIC (T4b tumors where tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures … Colon cancer is a common malignancy in both women and men. … Search Strategy for MEDLINE® 1. exp Colorectal Neoplasms/ 2. … ((colorectal or colon$ or rectal or Sigmoid) adj3 (neoplasm$ or cancer$ or carcino$ or tumo?

76. Diagnosis and Treatment of Localized Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/get-involved/nominated-topics/diagnosis-treatment-localized-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer
    November 01, 2020 - that can be utilized depending on patient and tumor characteristics as well as patient expectations … Genetic and epidemiological evidence indicates that African Americans may have a more aggressive form of malignancy … (Messing 2002) Messing EM: Urothelial tumors of the urinary tract. … for 90% of all malignant tumors. … diagnosed with TCC, particularly in African American women, because of underreporting of urothelial cancers

77. Cancer-Anemia-Update Executive (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cancer-anemia-update_executive.pdf
    April 01, 2013 - patients, depending on the type of malignancy and treatment. … Transfusion is one option for treating anemia related to cancer and cancer treatment. … alloimmunization, overtransfusion, and immune modulation with theoretically possible adverse effects on tumor … strategies and non-ESA strategies to manage anemia in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation for malignancy … There was considerable variability among trials, such as trial duration, tumor types, cancer therapy

78. What is the comparative effectiveness of conventional CT, MDCT (including “virtual CT bronchoscopy”), PET/PET-CT, and MRI for the diagnosis or pretreatment staging of small cell and non-small cell lung cancer? | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/get-involved/nominated-topics/what-is-the-comparative-effectiveness-of-conventional-ct-mdct-including-virtual-ct-bronchoscopy-petpet-ct-and-mri-for-the-diagnosis-or-pretreatment-staging-of-small-cell-and-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
    November 01, 2017 - Patients with small cell and non-small cell lung cancers of all ages, genders, etc. … Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S., with an incidence of 60/100,000. … MORE EFFECTIVE IMAGING TO DIAGNOSE LUNG CANCER HAS THE POTENTIAL TO FIND TUMORS AT EARLIER STAGES, WHERE … MORE EFFECTIVE STAGING OF THESE CANCERS HAS THE POTENTIAL TO IMPROVE OUTCOMES FOR TREATABLE TUMORS, AND … IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR UNTREATABLE TUMORS.

79. Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/radiation-brain-metastases/protocol
    June 01, 2021 - While treatment for brain metastases from other primary cancers and in pediatric patients is equally … brain metastases included in our review from those on all lung cancers to those including only patients … Epidemiology of metastatic brain tumors. … Effect of tumor subtype on survival and the graded prognostic assessment for patients with breast cancer … OR  cancer*  OR  neoplasm*  OR  carcinoma*  OR  metastasectomy))) AND (MH "Radiosurgery") OR TI(radiation

80. Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
    effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/prostate-cancer/research
    December 01, 2019 - Reports Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer … Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer … 4) How do tumor characteristics, e.g., Gleason score, tumor volume, screen vs. clinically detected tumors … Project Timeline Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer … https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/prostate-cancer/research