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121. The purpose of our tool is to compile a comprehensive list of questions that may be used to evaluate the quality of non-randomized studies of interventions or exposures (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/reliability-testing-grading-evidence_research.pdf
     May 01, 2012 - We calculated summary statistics to describe agreement among reviewers and their difficulty in making … We calculated two summary statistics to describe agreement among reviewers: The AC1 statistic … We also calculated the 95% confidence interval (CI) corresponding to the estimate. … Agree was calculated as a dichotomous variable that was coded as 1 when the reviewer‘s response was … LEF Fair 12 months: differences between txt groups: (p=NS) †p-value calculated post-hoc by RTI

122. EHC Protocol: Recurrent Nephrolithiasis in Adults and Children: Comparative Effectiveness of Preventive Medical Strategies (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/kidney-stones-protocol.pdf
     September 24, 2024 - EHC Protocol: Recurrent Nephrolithiasis in Adults and Children: Comparative Effectiveness of Preventive Medical Strategies Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol Project Title: Recurrent Nephrolithiasis in Adults and Children: Comparative Effectiveness of Preventive Medical Strategies …

123. Undescended-Testicle Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/undescended-testicle_executive.pdf
     December 01, 2012 - For KQ1a, the accuracy of imaging techniques was calculated for concordance with surgical results (open … The performance characteristic data for each imaging technique compared with surgery was calculated, … The ability of each imaging modality to correctly classify the position of the testicles also was calculated … proportions (sum of all successfully treated testicles/total number of testicles in studies) were calculated

124. Effectiveness of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis — Research Protocol Document | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/cystic-fibrosis-hgh/research-protocol
     December 01, 2019 - When pooling continuous endpoints, a weighted mean difference (WMD) will be calculated using a DerSimonian … Standard deviations (SDs) of the change scores will be calculated from the SD of the baseline values

125. Diagnosis and Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Adult Women | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/urinary-incontinence-treatment/research-protocol
     December 01, 2020 - synthesize prevalence of incontinence as they were used by the authors of the original studies and with calculated … Attributable risk will be calculated as the outcome events rate in patients exposed to different clinical … interventions. 92 , 97 , 98 The number needed to treat to prevent one event of incontinence will be calculated

126. Defining an Optimal Format for Presenting Research Needs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-future-presentation-format_research.pdf
     January 01, 2019 - Almost all studies calculated EVPI, the value of obtaining perfect information for all parameters ( … n=68, 94%) but fewer studies calculated EVPPI (n=42, 58%) and only a minority calculated EVSI (5 studies … randomized trial is important, one could do a power analysis under several scenarios and compare the calculated

127. Osheroff_Respondent_DuBenske 4 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/web-based_osheroff_respondent.pdf
     January 01, 2009 - Osheroff_Respondent_DuBenske 4   Source:    Eisenberg  Center  Conference  Series  2009,  Translating  Information  Into  Action:  Improving  Quality  of   Care  Through  Interactive  Media,  Effective  Health  Care  Program  Web  site   (http://www.effectivehealthc…

128. Disposition of Comments for CER 167 Renal Masses (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/renal-cancer_disposition-comments.pdf
     February 24, 2016 - False negative rate in the report is calculated using standard definitions (defined in Methods under … We have calculated accuracy following a second biopsy (79.8%), but caution that authors only biopsy … verification bias due to missing surgical pathology after negative biopsy result), LRs cannot be calculated … Based on the suggestion, we have calculated overall LR+ and LR- and included them in KQ2. … Furthermore, the calculated rate of CKD for radical nephrectomy (29%) is lower than which is quoted

129. Recurrent Nephrolithiasis in Adults and Children: Comparative Effectiveness of Preventive Medical Strategies | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/kidney-stones/protocol
     December 01, 2024 - Skip to main content An official website of the Department of Health & Human Services Careers Contact Us Español FAQs Effective Health Care Program Powered by the Evidence-based Practice Centers …

130. Protocol for Quantitative Assessment of Benefit and Harm analysis of Aspirin for primary prevention (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-balancing-harms-benefits_research.pdf
     February 01, 2014 - Based on those data, we calculated the incidence of severe GI bleeds for the four age categories of … Number Needed to Treat and Number Needed to Harm We calculated the NNT for MI and ischemic stroke and … In a first step we calculated the number of events for each of the four outcomes per 1,000 subjects … We calculated the number using equation 1: (1) Nx,p = 1,000*{Ix /(Ix+ M)}*[1-exp{-10(Ix+ M)}] … This was a little less than what would be calculated by simply multiplying the incidence rate of 6.2

131. Modeling to evaluate benefits and harms of new diagnostic tests compared to established diagnostic tests – uses and limitations (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/benefits-harms-modeling_research.pdf
     November 19, 2009 - However, differences in study inclusion criteria can result in spectrum effects—i.e., differences in the calculated

132. S103 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s103.pdf
     October 01, 2007 - 7079/07/4500-0103 Medical Care • Volume 45, Number 10 Suppl 2, October 2007 S103 the 2 groups is calculated … With stratification by propen- sity score, average effect is calculated within each stratum, and the

133. Comparative Effectiveness of Bariatric Surgery and Nonsurgical Therapy in Adults With Metabolic Conditions and a Body Mass Index of 30.0 to 34.9 kg/m² | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/weight-loss-surgery/research-protocol
     December 01, 2019 - If a study does not report a followup mean or if a followup mean cannot be calculated from the given … Effect sizes will be calculated for each comparison. … the same scale, then the effect size does not need to be standardized and a mean difference will be calculated

134. Effectiveness of Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests for Breast Abnormalities Appendices (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-abnormalities-tests_appendixes.pdf
     May 23, 2005 - From the 2X2 table, sensitivity and specificity are readily calculated: Sensitivity = TP/(TP+F) Specificity … The predictive values and likelihood ratios can also be directly calculated from a 2X2 table: Positive … to 0.60) 22 studies 3,793 lesions Median 8.0 Moderate Heterogeneous, no summary estimates calculated … The 95% confidence intervals for results derived from the SROC cannot be calculated due to technical … NA= not calculated. See the mean threshold instead for results close to this threshold.

135. Grades-Predictive-Values White-Paper-2015 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/grades-predictive-values_white-paper-2015.pdf
     January 01, 2015 - For quantitative assessment, we used Lin’s concordance correlation and calculated z-scores; to determine … the magnitude of differences of treatment effects, we calculated standardized mean differences (SMDs … For all 100 bodies of evidence, we calculated the effect estimate of the first trial and the pooled … For continuous outcomes we used SMDs (Cohen’s d) as effect measures; for dichotomous outcomes we calculated … Second, to test for statistically significant differences between effect estimates, we calculated z-scores

136. Hepatic-Fibrosis White-Paper (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/hepatic-fibrosis_white-paper.pdf
     April 01, 2014 - x 2 tables (i.e., number of true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives) calculated … from 2 x 2 tables by values of >0.10 (e.g., reported positive predictive value of 0.85 vs. calculated … online supplement to the review. 5 ) For studies in which 2 x 2 table data were not provided, we calculated … in the likelihood of providing data between authors of studies in which 2 x 2 tables could not be calculated … of additional data from studies with discrepancies versus those in which 2 x 2 tables could not be calculated

137. Final_multivariate_v22_CLEAN_03-11-2013 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-binary-outcomes-evaluation_research.pdf
     March 11, 2013 - with the sample conditional variance assumed known and calculated from the data. … The elements of kΣ are assumed known and are calculated from the data ! … Nevertheless, we calculated the mean squared error (MSE), the bias and the coverage probability for … Therefore, a correlation between the means and the calculated covariance matrices exists. … We calculated the average of the absolute values of the smoothed numerical derivatives (slopes) of D

138. Decision-Analytic Modeling to Evaluate Benefits and Harms of Medical Tests – Uses and Limitations | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/products/benefits-harms-modeling/research
     November 01, 2017 - However, differences in study inclusion criteria can result in spectrum effects—i.e., differences in the calculated

139. Disposition of Comments Report for Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Treatments for Unstable Angina/Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/angina-heart-attack-treatments_disposition-comments.pdf
     January 01, 2014 - that the event rates for the primary composite endpoint in the combined UA + NSTEMI population were calculated … primary composite endpoint were available for the TRITON-TIMI 38 study; these percentages were manually calculated … that the event rates for the primary composite endpoint in the combined UA + NSTEMI population were calculated … that the event rates for the primary composite endpoint in the combined UA + NSTEMI population were calculated … Table G-3 Page G-9: It appears that the proportions shown for some of the endpoints in Table G were calculated

140. Urinary-Incontinence-Treatment Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare-admin.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/urinary-incontinence-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
     September 30, 2010 - synthesize prevalence of incontinence as they were used by the authors of the original studies and with calculated … Attributable risk will be calculated as the outcome events rate in patients exposed to different clinical … interventions.92,97,98 The number needed to treat to prevent one event of incontinence will be calculated