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21. Ebell_Presentation_REVISED_FINAL (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/use_of_handheld_ebell_presentation.pdf
    January 01, 2009 - Ebell_Presentation_REVISED_FINAL   Source:    Eisenberg  Center  Conference  Series  2009,  Translating  Information  Into  Action:  Improving  Quality  of   Care  Through  Interactive  Media,  Effective  Health  Care  Program  Web  site   (http://www.effectivehealt…

22. Executive Summary_Systematic Review_Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: 2022 Update of the PTSD-Repository Evidence Base (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/pharma-nonpharma-ptsd-2022-update-executive-summ.pdf
    January 01, 2022 - • For studies added in this update, we abstracted data to calculate standardized effect sizes for

23. Template for Draft Reports (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cad-pci-bypass_appendixes.pdf
    October 06, 2006 - Thus, we could not calculate an odds ratio for these studies.

24. Arthritis-Knee-Physical-Therapy Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/arthritis-knee-physical-therapy_research-protocol.pdf
    April 01, 2010 - For categorical variables we will abstract a number of events among treatment groups to calculate rates … Means and standard deviations of continuous variables will be abstracted to calculate mean differences … For RCTs, we will abstract the number randomized to each treatment group as the denominator to calculate … We will calculate differences in relative risk and absolute risk from the abstracted events by using … We will calculate mean differences in continuous variables from the reported means and standard deviations

25. Breast-Biopsy Surveillance (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-biopsy_surveillance.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - validity of CER conclusion(s) Prior Assessment Cumulative Assessment It was not possible to calculate … Up-to-date Up-to-date It was not possible to calculate the ADH underestimation rate for ultrasound … Up-to-date Up-to-date It was not possible to calculate the DCIS underestimation rate for freehand … Up-to-date Up-to-date It was not possible to calculate the December 2011 - Wei (2011) reported

26. Evaluating Practices and Developing Tools for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy: Methods for the Joint Meta-Analysis of Multiple Tests (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/diagnostic-tests-accuracy_research.pdf
    January 01, 2013 - between-study correlations between TPRs and FPRs (such as those induced by threshold effects), and calculate … reported counts of the results of each test.13-23 Five studies reported sufficient information to calculate … infants with trisomy 21 and among healthy infants,13-16,20 1 study reported sufficient information to calculate … Observational Model: Multivariate Normal (Approximate) Likelihood We calculate sample estimates for … For a covariance matrix C we have to calculate the lengths of the half axes for the one-standard- error

27. Meditation Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/meditation_research-protocol.pdf
    October 17, 2012 - For studies amenable to pooling with meta-analyses, we will calculate pooled mean differences, risk … When we are unable to pool studies, we will calculate and display the individual mean differences, risk … Since many trials do not provide enough information to calculate a confidence interval around the difference … For studies amenable to pooling with meta-analyses, we will calculate pooled mean differences, risk … When we are unable to pool studies, we will calculate and display the individual mean differences,

28. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-metaanalysis_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - we propose to obtain summaries for sensitivities and specificities via meta-analysis, and to back- calculate … interpretation as likelihood ratios or predictive values,10 we can use formulas in the Appendix to back-calculate … sensitivity and specificity (Se+ and Sp+; a row of two boxes after the horizontal black line) to back-calculate … and specificity use the theoretically motivated bivariate meta-analysis models. 8-17 o Back-calculate … o Back-calculate overall positive and negative likelihood ratios from summary estimates of sensitivity

29. AHRQ Slide Template 2009 (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/data-extraction.ppt
    January 01, 2009 - If the necessary numbers are not directly available, one would have to calculate them from sufficient … However, when a content expert has no methodological background, he or she may be unable to back-calculate … reports give effect size, standard normal deviates, or exact p-values, the quantitative reviewer must calculate

30. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Update of the PTSD Repository Evidence Base (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ptsd-6-protocol.pdf
    December 07, 2024 - Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Update of the PTSD Repository Evidence Base Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol Project Title: Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Update of the PTSD Re…

31. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/gestational-diabetes-screening-diagnosis_research-protocol.pdf
    December 16, 2011 - If necessary, we will approximate means by medians and use 95% confidence intervals to calculate approximate … We will calculate p-values when they are not reported. 26 For KQ1, we will construct 2x2 tables … and calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, reliability and yield … For continuous variables, we will calculate mean differences for individual studies.

32. Layout 1 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breast-cancer-medications_executive.pdf
    September 01, 2009 - difference Insufficient Data are inadequate to calculate outcomes or are not reported. 5 Key Question … difference Insufficient Data are inadequate to calculate outcomes or are not reported. 7 Key Question

33. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/glaucoma-screening_research-protocol.pdf
    November 16, 2010 - Measures of treatment effect We will calculate summary risk ratios or odds ratios as appropriate for … For Key Question 3, we will calculate diagnostic odds ratios. … We will verify normality of continuous outcomes and calculate mean differences; standardized mean differences

34. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/preterm-birth-terbutaline-pump_research-protocol.pdf
    October 18, 2010 - As appropriate for each outcome outlined in KQ1 through KQ4, we will calculate the following summary … confidence intervals: • For continuous outcomes (e.g., gestational age at delivery, birthweight) we will calculate … neonatal brochopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, maternal pulmonary edema) we will calculate … • For the time to event outcome (i.e. time to delivery) we will calculate the pooled hazard ratio … , dislodgement and overdoses) we will pool reported incidence data using a random effects model to calculate

35. Research Protocol: Clostridium difficile Infection Update (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/c-difficile-update_research-protocol.pdf
    December 23, 2014 - available, we will use statistical differences to assess efficacy and comparative effectiveness and calculate … Since two primary endpoints will be used, sensitivity and specificity, we will calculate 99 percent … Depending on the heterogeneity of prevalence of CDI in diagnostic accuracy studies, we may also calculate … Further, when possible, we will calculate positive and negative likelihood ratios that allow clinicians … We will calculate risk ratios (RR) and absolute risk differences (RD) with the corresponding 95 percent

36. Urinary-Incontinence-Treatment Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/urinary-incontinence-treatment_research-protocol.pdf
    September 30, 2010 - For categorical variables we will abstract a number of events among treatment groups to calculate rates … Means and standard deviations of continuous variables will be abstracted to calculate mean differences … trials (RCTs), we will abstract the number randomized to each treatment group as the denominator to calculate … We will calculate relative risk and absolute risk difference from the abstracted events using Meta-analyst91 … We may calculate standard deviations when authors report standard errors: Standard deviation

37. PowerPoint Presentation (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-options-summarizing.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - Using the classical paradigm, calculate “naïve” estimates of the index test’s sensitivity and specificity … Calculate “naïve” estimates of the index test sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp), ignoring imperfection … Analysis Option 3: Calculate “Naïve” Estimates and Discuss Bias Trikalinos TA, Balion TA. … Analysis Option 3: Calculate “Naïve” Estimates and Discuss Bias Option three calculates the estimates … Calculate estimates of the index test’s sensitivity and specificity from each study, but qualify the

38. PowerPoint Presentation (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-options-summarizing.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - Using the classical paradigm, calculate “naïve” estimates of the index test’s sensitivity and specificity … Calculate “naïve” estimates of the index test sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp), ignoring imperfection … Analysis Option 3: Calculate “Naïve” Estimates and Discuss Bias Trikalinos TA, Balion TA. … Analysis Option 3: Calculate “Naïve” Estimates and Discuss Bias Option three calculates the estimates … Calculate estimates of the index test’s sensitivity and specificity from each study, but qualify the

39. Cancer-Drugs-Utilization-Cost Research (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cancer-drugs-utilization-cost_research.pdf
    January 01, 2011 - Utilization and cost of anticancer biologic products among Medicare beneficiaries, 2006-2009 Data Points #6Anticancer Biologics From 2006 to 2009, over 800,000 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries continuously enrolled in Parts A and B had a claim for an anticancer biologic of interest. Bevacizumab was the m…

40. Dispostion of Comments Report for Child and Adolescent Exposure to Trauma (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/trauma-child-interventions_disposition-comments.pdf
    February 11, 2013 - We did not use any data from unreported studies (e.g., Kramer and Landolt, 2011) to calculate our effect