-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary14/chlamydial-infection-screening-2007
June 15, 2007 - d
Not assessed d
Fair b
Fair b
Health outcomes in men: not systematically reviewed e Health … Harms of screening
Poor b
Poor b
Poor b
Poor b
Poor b
Harms of treatment
Not assessed … e
Not assessed e
Not assessed e
Not assessed e
Not systematically reviewed e
Notes: … in 2005. b Because of lack of data. c Based on a systematic evidence review conducted in 2001. d Assessed … in 2001 to be small. e Assessed a priori to be small.
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan15/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-screening
September 15, 2013 - at 6-week followup or later
KQ 2: Diagnostic accuracy compared with an independent standard, assessed … following screening or treatment
KQ 2: Diagnostic accuracy compared with an independent standard, assessed … specific to KQ 2:
Does not report sensitivity and specificity compared with an independently assessed
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/rLjXX_3oMKssbHxrj84UYA
Grade: I statement (insufficient evidence)
Risk Assessment No studies assessed the performance
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening
January 23, 2024 - Twenty-one studies (n = 7489) assessed the accuracy of 23 different screening tools that varied with … Conclusions and Relevance: No studies directly assessed the benefits and harms of screening. … For newly identified studies, 2 reviewers independently assessed each study’s methodological quality … The overall strength of the evidence for each KQ was assessed as high, moderate, low, or insufficient … Two RCTs assessed fluency treatment for young children.
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary25/folic-acid-to-prevent-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medication-2009
May 15, 2009 - methods for exposure assessments; recall by mothers was probably imperfect, given that exposure was assessed … Two reviewers assessed articles for possible inclusion.
41 studies eligible on the basis of inclusion … acid supplement intake in periconceptional period (3 months before and 3 months after conception) was assessed … Folic acid use assessed by birth attendant, who checked off use of multivitamin or folic acid before … Exposure assessed by questionnaire at 10-12 gestational weeks: drugs taken "since she became pregnant
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/W-9TArc9nkw6Pe4sfddMKZ
July 01, 2013 - Two reviewers independently assessed meth-
odological quality and evaluated strength of evidence for … Two reviewers independently assessed each full-
text article by using a detailed form. … We assessed 4 major domains (risk of bias, con-
sistency, directness, and precision) and summarized the … Harms of Treating GDM
One RCT assessed maternal depression and anxiety at
6 weeks after study entry … A single study assessed
depression and anxiety in a subgroup of a larger RCT.
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/REES__d2DxtDLhZCXQjpPW
July 01, 2007 - § Not assessed§ Fair‡ Fair‡ Health outcomes in men: not
systematically reviewed§
Health outcomes in … women: poor†
Harms of screening Poor† Poor† Poor† Poor† Poor†
Harms of treatment Not assessed� Not assessed … � Not assessed� Not assessed� Not systematically reviewed�
* Based on a systematic evidence review conducted … in 2005.
† Because of lack of data.
‡ Based on a systematic evidence review conducted in 2001.
§ Assessed … in 2001 to be small.
� Assessed a priori to be small.
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/alcohol-misuse-screening-and-counseling-2004
April 06, 2004 - KQ 1 assessed direct evidence indicating that behavioral counseling interventions reduce morbidity or … Comparability of intervention and control groups at baseline not assured because control group not assessed … Delivery: Not assessed for IG1 or IG2. … True control condition follow-up not assessed. Possible contamination between IG1 and IG2. … Outcomes assessed at 6–19 mo (mean, 9 mo)
Average cL of alcohol/d
Men:
IG1: 5.29
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/screening-for-prediabetes-and-type-2-diabetes
August 24, 2021 - The overall strength of the evidence for each KQ was assessed as high, moderate, low, or insufficient … screening for prediabetes and no trials that assessed KQ3. … Most articles assessed interventions for prediabetes. … Most trials assessed high-contact lifestyle interventions. … Neither trial assessed screening for prediabetes, and neither assessed initial screening with HbA 1c
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/y6xRBv7uSZY5bGCx7y48x7
May 01, 2009 - Two reviewers assessed articles
for possible inclusion.
41 studies eligible on the basis of inclusion … supplement intake in
periconceptional period
(3 months before and 3
months after concep-
tion) was assessed … 9
NTDs in nonsupplementation group;
adjusted OR, 0.11 (CI, 0.01–0.91)
Fair quality: adherence was assessed … Folic acid use
assessed by birth
attendant, who checked
off use of multivitamin
or folic acid before … Exposure assessed by
questionnaire at 10–12 gestational
weeks: drugs taken “since she
became pregnant
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/z8AVsCHJEZUBSJtdSx424H
May 23, 2019 - mean alcohol
consumption: 52
drinks/wk
8 primary care group
practices in United
Kingdom
Outcomes assessed … KQ 1 assessed direct evidence indicating that behavioral
counseling interventions reduce morbidity or … Delivery: Not assessed for IG1 or IG2. … True control condition
follow-up not assessed. Possi-
ble contamination between
IG1 and IG2. … Outcomes assessed at 6–19 mo
(mean, 9 mo)
Average cL of alcohol/d
Men:
IG1: 5.29
IG2: 5.18
CG: 6.29
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-adults-screening
November 15, 2022 - Accuracy of Screening Tests and Risk Assessment
Seven studies assessed 1 or more clinical prediction … tools or screening questionnaires compared with facility-based polysomnography: 2 studies assessed the … but low specificity (0% to 38%) for detecting OSA at different AHI cut points. 15 , 16 Two studies assessed … ranged from 21% to 76% for detecting OSA at different AHI cut points. 15 , 16
In the 2 studies that assessed … Three RCTs assessed mortality over a longer duration, and none found a statistically significant difference
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DxeDM5ywg2J7SwKmETXfbX
May 01, 2021 - Accuracy of Screening Tests and Risk Assessment
Seven studies assessed 1 or more clinical prediction … tools or screen-
ing questionnaires compared with facility-based polysomnography:
2 studies assessed … 94%) but low specificity (0% to 38%) for detecting OSA at different
AHI cut points.15,16 Two studies assessed … Three RCTs assessed
mortality over a longer duration, and none found a statistically sig-
nificant difference … ie, less than a minimal clinically important difference).15,16
Health Outcomes: MADs
Twelve trials assessed
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/RecommendationStatementFinal/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening
December 15, 2020 - accurate (both sensitivity and specificity were >98%). 32 The current review found no studies that assessed … Four trials assessed various interferon alfa regimens; 4 assessed lamivudine. … The trials assessed lamivudine (1 trial), entecavir (1 trial), or various regimens (5 trials). … Health Outcomes
Nine fair-quality cohort studies (N = 3893; n = 63-1531; duration, 3.2-9.9 years) assessed … The trials assessed interferon (6 trials), entecavir (2 trials), or lamivudine (1 trial).
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/AYu2UEtRFR765BEXVyftT2
April 13, 2021 - HIV-positive
NA (no studies identified in the
prior review)
KQ3: Harms of screening
No studies directly assessed … the harms
of screening for syphilis
One fair-qualitya pre-post US study
(n = 1097) assessed factors … a Two reviewers independently assessed themethodological quality of each
included study using predefined
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/vision-in-children-ages-6-months-to-5-years-screening
September 05, 2017 - Accuracy of Screening Tests
The USPSTF found 34 fair-quality studies (n=45,588 observations) that assessed … Three publications from the VIP study (n=6019) assessed the accuracy of Lea Symbols for identifying amblyopia … 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.85). 1 , 33
Combinations of Clinical Tests
Four fair-quality studies (n=1854) assessed … Photoscreeners
Eleven fair-quality studies (6187 observations; n=63 to 3121) assessed photoscreeners … One fair-quality trial and 2 good-quality trials (n=417) assessed treatment harms 1 , 37-40 and did
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/_q6ZTL2Yg6f6rLp-Re9whD
June 24, 2025 - The remain-
ing tools assessed current or ongoing IPV, lifetime abuse, or the ability
to predict future … One study included women as young as
16 years, and 1 study recruited men.1,35 Studies assessed 14 differ … -
ent screening tools; most screening tools were assessed by a single
study and used the longer structured … Of these, 7 studies
(n = 2644) assessed effectiveness of interventions during preg-
nancy and the postpartum … period.1,35 In the 3 studies that
assessed intensive services, interventions were delivered in home
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/intimate-partner-violence-and-abuse-of-elderly-and-vulnerable-adults-screening
June 24, 2025 - The remaining tools assessed current or ongoing IPV, lifetime abuse, or the ability to predict future … One study included women as young as 16 years, and 1 study recruited men. 1 , 35 Studies assessed 14 … different screening tools; most screening tools were assessed by a single study and used the longer … Thirteen studies (n = 7425) assessed the effectiveness of interventions in persons with screen-detected … period. 1 , 35 In the 3 studies that assessed intensive services, interventions were delivered in home
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/preeclampsia-screening-april-2017
April 25, 2017 - Accuracy of Screening Tests
The USPSTF has previously assessed the accuracy of blood pressure measurements … Fourteen studies (n=1888; 4 good quality and 10 fair quality) assessed the diagnostic accuracy of urine … Twelve studies assessed the protein to creatinine ratio urine test, 2 studies assessed the albumin to … creatinine ratio urine test, and 4 studies assessed the urine protein dipstick test. … be based on office or in-hospital blood pressure measurements and that all pregnant women should be assessed
-
www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/other-supporting-document19468/tobacco-and-nicotine-use-prevention-in-children-and-adolescents-primary-care-interventions
April 28, 2020 - Two investigators independently assessed study quality. … Two investigators independently assessed the quality of each study as good, fair, or poor using predefined … Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 statistic. … For all key questions and outcomes, the overall strength of the body of evidence was assessed as high … Tobacco Cessation—Behavioral Intervention Trials
Nine trials (n = 2516) assessed behavioral interventions