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161. Amended Protocol: Management of Infantile Epilepsy (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/infantile-epilepsy-amended-protocol.pdf
     March 07, 2021 - We will assess the effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, and harms for each intervention to support … We will assess randomized trials for Key Question 1 and 2 using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) … Below, we discuss the primary domains and how we will assess them: Risk of bias (see the above section … Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2006 Jul;22(3):288-94. PMID: 16984055. 8. … Primarily, while they support the effort of the systematic review to assess the effectiveness and risk

162. Behavioral Interventions for Migraine Prevention (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/bimp-protocol.pdf
     September 27, 2022 - , and progressive muscle relaxation for migraine prevention in adults, but did not comprehensively assess … We will assess the risk of bias in each study included for a KQ. … We will assess randomized trials for Key Questions 1 and 2 using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) … Although we will assess selective outcome reporting, we will not incorporate it in the overall risk … Below, we discuss the primary domains and how we will assess them: Risk of bias (see the above section

163. Executive Summary_Systematic Review_Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: 2022 Update of the PTSD-Repository Evidence Base (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/pharma-nonpharma-ptsd-2022-update-executive-summ.pdf
     January 01, 2022 - Checklist (PCL) and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) were measures most frequently used to assess … The PCL and the CAPS were measures most frequently used to assess continuous PTSD outcomes, used in

164. Breastfeeding and Health Outcomes for Infants and Children (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/breastfeeding-health-outcomes-protocol-amendment.pdf
     February 03, 2025 - Once the title and abstract screening stage is complete, two reviewers will independently assess the … Assessment of Methodological Risk of Bias of Systematic Reviews and Individual Studies We will assess … Two independent reviewers will assess the risk of bias for each primary study. … The primary domains we will assess as part of our SOE assessment are study limitations, directness, … Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep). 2007(153):1-186. 23. U. S.

165. Systematic Review of Breastfeeding Programs and Policies, Breastfeeding Uptake, and Maternal Health Outcomes in Developed Countries (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/breastfeeding_research-protocol.pdf
     January 01, 2020 - These include questions to assess selection bias, confounding, performance bias, detection bias, and … Two independent reviewers will assess risk of bias for each study. … When recent, relevant existing systematic reviews are identified for a particular outcome, we will assess … above, in cases where we identify a recent eligible meta-analysis for an eligible outcome, we will assess … ROBIS: A new tool to assess risk of bias in systematic reviews was developed.

166. Accomplishments of the Learning Health System Panel To Inform and Encourage Use of Evidence Reports (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/accomplishments-lhs-panel.pdf
     November 01, 2021 - Institutes for Research (AIR) and AHRQ to cocreate Web-based tools designed to help health systems assess

167. Cad-Women-Diagnosis Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cad-women-diagnosis_executive.pdf
     June 01, 2012 - higher risk for complications with invasive screening.4 Types of Noninvasive Technologies NITs can assess … have CAD and were not being tested for chest pain symptoms (e.g., postrevascularization testing to assess … While this focus was adequate for identifying studies to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the NIT … In order to assess sex differences in NIT diagnostic accuracy or the impact on clinical outcomes, a … Additional studies of the NIT modalities to assess differing symptomatology and timing at presentation

168. A Multicenter, Observational Cohort Study to Assess the Cardiovascular Risks of Medications Prescribed for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/adhd-medicines-risks/abstract

169. A Primary Care-Focused, Computer-based Clinical Decision Support Tool to Assess Patients’ Risk for Deleterious BRCA Mutations | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/breast-cancer-genetic-tests/research

170. Nonopioid Pharmacologic Treatments for Chronic Pain (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/nonopioid-pharm-chronic-pain-protocol.pdf
     February 01, 2019 - Services to contract with the Institute of Medicine (IOM, now the National Academy of Medicine) to assess … b The Evidence-based Practice Center will assess available literature to ensure that adequate evidence … The study may be missing information, making it difficult to assess limitations and potential problems … The Key Questions are designed to assess the comparative effectiveness and harms by patient demographics … We will use this information to assess the situations in which the evidence is most relevant and to

171. Psychosocial and Pharmacologic Interventions for Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Current State of the Evidence (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/disruptive-behavior-disorder_clinician.pdf
     August 01, 2016 - The current systematic review aimed to assess psychosocial and pharmacologic treatment approaches for … For additional details on the methodology used to assess strength of evidence, please refer to: Owens … effectiveness of psychosocial interventions with pharmacologic interventions. �� The review did not assess

172. Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Holidays for Osteoporotic Fracture Prevention (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/research-protocol-osteoporosis_2.pdf
     October 05, 2018 - outcomes:  Primary: Incident radiographic vertebral fracture  Secondary: Change in BMD (Will assess … For each of these outcomes, two investigators will independently assess each study for bias in several … We will assess the clinical and methodological heterogeneity (participant population, intervention, … We will assess statistical heterogeneity with Cochran’s Q test and measure magnitude with I2 statistic … Based on these elements, we will assess the overall strength of evidence for each comparison and outcome

173. Research Protocol: Care Interventions for PeopleWith Dementia (PWD) and Their Caregivers (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/pwd-care-interventions-protocol.pdf
     February 22, 2019 - The goal is to understand the evidence base for effective care interventions, and to assess the potential … We will assess whether a study is below the threshold of high risk of bias based on selection bias, … We will assess the clinical and methodological heterogeneity and variation in effect size to determine … appropriateness of pooling data.15 We will assess statistical heterogeneity with Cochran’s Q test … We will assess strength of evidence for key final health outcomes measured with validated scales.

174. GRADING THE STRENGTH OF A BODY OF EVIDENCE (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-grading-evidence_methods.pdf
     November 01, 2013 - To assess the consistency and precision of a body of evidence, reviewers need to decide whether they … For each body of evidence, score relevant domains and assess strength of evidence (SOE) separately for … EPCs often need to assess evidence from both trials and observational studies in evaluating a single … Methods to assess reporting bias exist only for RCTs. … Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2012 Jan 5:1-8. PMID: 22217016. 45. Higgins JP.

175. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Current State of the Evidence (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/fatty-acids-cardiovascular-disease_clinician.pdf
     July 01, 2017 - For additional details on the methodology used to assess strength of evidence, please refer to: Owens … Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ). 2004 Mar;(93):1-6. PMID: 15133887. 2. … Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ). 2004 Mar;(94):1-8. PMID: 15133888.

176. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 10 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-decision-models_methods.pdf
     July 01, 2012 - Assess whether modeling may be useful. … Step 3: Assess whether modeling could be useful in the PET and AD evidence report. … Step 4: Assess whether prior modeling studies could be utilized. … Health Technol Assess 2004; 8(36):iii-xi, 1. 13. … Health Technol Assess 2007; 11(52):iii-xi, 1. 26.

177. Research White Paper: A Framework To Facilitate the Use of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses in the Design of Primary Research Studies (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/primary-research-design_research.pdf
     January 01, 2012 - There is no quantitative or objective way to assess the relevance of a SR in relation to a proposed … The sections of the SR which a researcher needs to look at in order to assess the elements of internal … The aim of this step is to assess whether the design of the proposed study should be modified based … AMSTAR is a reliable and valid measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic … NA Need to assess cost effectiveness.

178. Ankyloglossia Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ankyloglossia_executive.pdf
     May 01, 2015 - controlled trials, prospective and retrospective case series, and crossover studies Case reports to assess … Quality (Risk-of-Bias) Assessment of Individual Studies We used four tools to assess the quality of … in the treated group vs. 47% in the comparison group; p <0.02).11 Three RCTs used an observer to assess … Benefits of Treatments To Prevent Other Sequelae Two cohort studies attempted to assess the effectiveness … Larger studies that assess both treated and untreated individuals could provide useful data to minimize

179. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 9 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-performance_methods.pdf
     July 01, 2012 - test performance when the reference standard is imperfect: (a) to forgo the classical paradigm and assess … outcomes instead of test accuracy (i.e., treat the index test as a predictive instrument); (b) to assess … Assess the index test’s ability to predict patient-relevant outcomes instead of test accuracy. … Assess the concordance of difference tests instead of test accuracy. … Health Technol Assess 2007; 11(50):iii, ix-51. 4.

180. Knowledge Brief #2 Methods and Measures of Public Deliberation (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/knowledge-brief-2-methods-public-deliberation-130213.pdf
     February 01, 2013 - often include process elements (e.g., whether participants had equal opportunities to contribute) to assess … However, it may be difficult to assess whether a specific deliberative event had a direct effect on … studies use both qualitative and quantitative methods to describe the deliberative activity and to assess