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81. Archived: Final Evidence Review: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-review78/ovarian-cancer-screening-2012
    April 15, 2012 - literature on benefits of screening, we included controlled trials as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses … trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and case series, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses … literature on benefits of screening, we included controlled trials as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses … trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and case series, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses

82. Archived: Evidence Summary: Statins for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-statins/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication-november-2016
    November 13, 2016 - Data Synthesis and Analysis Meta-analyses were conducted to calculate risk ratios (RRs) for statins … For analyses with 10 or more trials, funnel plots were constructed to detect small sample effects. 17 … Results were also similar in sensitivity analyses restricted to good-quality studies, 14 , 22 , 26 , … Excluding these trials from our analyses did not affect the findings. … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ . 2003;327(7414):557-560.

83. Overview of Prostate Cancer Screening Decision Models: A Contextual Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/vTHBrY6VuqjoouJvUmtkr4
    May 01, 2018 - Comparative modeling studies with robust sensitivity analyses can provide estimates of upper and lower … Data Analyses Our analyses of the model data primarily focuses on the CISNET consortium of modeling … We limit our analyses primarily to modeling studies using U.S. data; however, when appropriate we also … However, detailed data from the one-way sensitivity analyses was not presented. … in the one-way sensitivity analyses would also be useful.

84. Evidence Summary: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/ovarian-cancer-screening
    February 13, 2018 - When multiple statistical tests were presented in publications, the prespecified statistical analyses … from trial protocols were prioritized, as were complete intention-to-screen analyses and clinically … Additional published analyses of UKCTOCS data suggested a mortality benefit for CA-125 ROCA screening … Additional analyses of PLCO trial data include a recently published analysis adding up to 6 years of … Reporting of primary analyses and multiplicity adjustment in recent analgesic clinical trials: ACTTION

85. Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Evidence Update for the USPTF Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/fNXdu3HGvWE-ovsuhNeANW
    April 01, 2012 - literature on benefits of screening, we included controlled trials as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses … trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and case series, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses … literature on benefits of screening, we included controlled trials as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses … trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and case series, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses

86. Archived: Chlamydial Infection: Screening, 2001 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/chlamydial-infection-screening-2001
    January 01, 2001 - In addition, two ecologic analyses in Europe reported reductions in ectopic pregnancy and PID with the … The USPSTF identified eight cost-effectiveness or cost-benefit analyses that examined screening in nonpregnant … These analyses suggest that screening may be cost-saving when conducted among nonpregnant women who are … However, because of inconsistencies in methodology and assumptions made in these cost analyses, the USPSTF

87. VitaminD, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Yc24U4wMLXGoqE5NjwRVA6
    April 17, 2018 - In addition, the full evidence report includes results from sensitivity analyses not re- ported here. … Sensitivity analyses were conducted using RCTs ex- cluded for poor quality and RCTs excluded because … Seven of the poor-quality RCTs were used in the sensitivity analyses. … c Ten RCTs (in 13 articles) were used in sensitivity analyses for KQ1; 4 were excluded from the main … A case study of discordant overlapping meta-analyses: vitamin D supplements and fracture.

88. Archived: Final Research Plan: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan54/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
    April 17, 2014 - with a fatal flaw; studies with a publication date outside of review window KQ 1: Decision analyses … In sensitivity analyses, the model will also investigate how individual patient factors—such as comorbid

89. Overview of Prostate Cancer Screening Decision Models: A Contextual Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFile/1/16813/prostate-cancer-models-overview/pdf
    May 01, 2018 - Comparative modeling studies with robust sensitivity analyses can provide estimates of upper and lower … Data Analyses Our analyses of the model data primarily focuses on the CISNET consortium of modeling … We limit our analyses primarily to modeling studies using U.S. data; however, when appropriate we also … However, detailed data from the one-way sensitivity analyses was not presented. … in the one-way sensitivity analyses would also be useful.

90. Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ERAa_Bwr7hQxqZZ-X3p8Qh
    May 10, 2022 - RESULTS The review included no trials on the effectiveness of screening, 3 trials or analyses (n = 20 … pharmacologic treat- ment (KQ3).24,25 Three studies were identified since 2015 with newly pub- lished analyses … ) trial (n = 5993)8 was included in the previous review but had 2 newly published post hoc subgroup analyses … inhaled corticosteroids can reduce COPD exacerbations in persons with moderate COPD In a small subgroup analyses … COPD or who were minimally symptomatic (based on GOLD criteria), or studies that reported subgroup analyses

91. Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for CVD Prevention in Adults Without Known CVD Risk Factors: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/UXw277rnvJ8e_Dfsh4V3K3
    July 26, 2022 - For intermediate health outcomes (KQ2) and behavioral outcomes (KQ3), random-effects meta-analyses were … Meta-regression and stratified analyses were conducted to explore whether there were methodo- logic, … Results of meta-regressions and subgroup analyses based on various study, population, and intervention … Furthermore, there was considerable statistical heterogeneity (I2 > 90%) present in most meta-analyses … Not all trials reporting each outcome could be included in meta-analyses given units or data reported

92. Final Research Plan: Healthy Diet, Physical Activity, and/or Weight Loss to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/behavioral-counseling-interventions-promote-healthy-diet-physical-activity-weight-loss-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-adults
    November 02, 2023 - tolerance, and mixed or multiple risk factors such as 10-year CVD risk >7.5% or metabolic syndrome Analyses … Analyses will include examination of effects by various intervention components such as behavioral focus

93. Evidence Summary: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/asymptomatic-bacteriuria-in-adults-screening
    September 24, 2019 - The reference lists of other previously published reviews, meta-analyses, and primary studies were examined … When pooling fewer than 10 studies, sensitivity analyses using a restricted maximum likelihood model … Stata version 15.1 (StataCorp) was used for all analyses. … Sensitivity analyses that eliminated 5 studies deemed to have particularly high risk of bias demonstrated … The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses.

94. Evidence Summary: Skin Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/skin-cancer-screening
    April 18, 2023 - Direct evidence on screening effectiveness was from 3 nonrandomized analyses of 2 population-based skin … Sensitivity analyses to assess lead time bias similarly attenuated both unadjusted (HR, 0.50 [95% CI … All direct evidence on the benefits of screening comes from nonrandomized analyses of population-based … and analyses of potential lead time bias. 19 Limited data on melanoma mortality rates in specific population … tools; data on screening benefits and harms for specific melanoma subtypes; and by individual-level analyses

95. Archived: Evidence Summary: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary11/asymptomatic-bacteriuria-in-adults-screening-2008
    July 15, 2008 - Selection: For benefits of screening or treatment for screened populations, systematic reviews; meta-analyses … For harms of screening, systematic reviews; meta-analyses; randomized, controlled trials; cohort studies … screening or treatment of screened populations, we included randomized, controlled trials (RCTs); meta-analyses … For harms of screening, we included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, RCTs, cohort studies, case- control

96. Archived: Final Research Plan: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan97/breast-cancer-screening-january-2016
    July 17, 2014 - Design Effectiveness KQs 1–4, 10: RCTs, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, meta-analyses … retrospective cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses … Test Characteristics KQs 7, 8: Diagnostic accuracy studies with reference standard, meta-analyses

97. Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/ph_fauqHQjmrSqPAWKrARA
    September 28, 2021 - questions of effectiveness, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and individual par- ticipant data meta-analyses … with low τ values, sensi- tivity analyses with the Knapp-Hartung correction were used to adjust the … For rare outcomes (ie, perinatal mortality), sensi- tivity analyses were conducted using the Peto odds … ratio method,23 as well as pooled analyses including and excluding studies that had no events in either … Subgroup analyses were conducted for the outcomes of pre- term birth and SGA/IUGR to explore factors

98. Archived: Evidence Summary: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary8/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening-2014
    January 15, 2014 - We also reviewed reference lists of relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses. … using the DerSimonian–Laird method. 27 We conducted sensitivity analyses using a fixed-effect model … Sensitivity analyses that were done using a fixed-effects model had similar findings (data not shown) … The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. … A re-analysis of the Cochrane Library data: the dangers of unobserved heterogeneity in meta-analyses.

99. Archived: Evidence Summary: Screening for Breast Cancer: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
    www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-screening-for-breast-cancer/breast-cancer-screening-january-2016
    January 11, 2016 - Data Synthesis We conducted several meta-analyses to determine more precise summary estimates when … , and sensitivity analyses were conducted by using results of short case accrual methods. … All analyses were performed by using Stata/IC, version 13.1 (StataCorp). … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ . 2003;327:557-60. [PMID: 12958120] 15. … † From meta-analyses of screening trials using 2 different methods of case accrual.

100. Evidence Summary: Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-counseling-adults-with-high-risk-of-cvd
     November 24, 2020 - Meta-regression and stratified analyses were conducted for the most commonly reported outcomes: SBP, … In these analyses, there was no clear indication for any outcome that high-contact (>360-minute) trials … The analyses of SBP demonstrated generally consistent effects among studies with various characteristics … The published updated analyses, including extensive sensitivity analyses to explore the effect of the … Third, statistical heterogeneity was high in many of the included meta-analyses.