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281. Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/LPaUxRbrTshfsYVVTzenEQ
     April 26, 2022 - Based on new trial evidence,24 updated analyses of the evidence from pri- mary CVD prevention populations … studies using low-dose aspirin.14 Since low- dose aspirin is most relevant to current practice, the analyses … Fatal cardiovascular events were less common, so pooled analyses showed that low-dose aspirin use was … When combined with primary trial data and pooled analyses from the sys- tematic evidence review, the

282. Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/njteJ388DLVsY8RLcBTe_A
     February 25, 2020 - Meta-analyses were conducted on the most commonly reported outcomes for each body of evidence. … As a result, pooled analyses were conducted for FDA-approved medications on global cognitive function … For consistency across the body of evi- dence, quantitative analyses focused on 6- to 12-month outcomes … Random-effects models using the DerSimonian and Laird method were used.7 For analyses with fewer than … Meta-analyses Results: Summary Across All Intervention Types (KQ4 and KQ5) Intervention Type Outcome

283. Final Evidence Summary: Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/cognitive-impairment-in-older-adults-screening
     February 25, 2020 - Meta-analyses were conducted on the most commonly reported outcomes for each body of evidence. … As a result, pooled analyses were conducted for FDA-approved medications on global cognitive function … For consistency across the body of evidence, quantitative analyses focused on 6- to 12-month outcomes … Random-effects models using the DerSimonian and Laird method were used. 7 For analyses with fewer than … There was no evidence in the meta-regression analyses that one type of intervention (psychoeducation

284. Primary Care–Relevant Interventions for Tobacco and Nicotine Use Prevention and Cessation in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/p6k4ooduXN8RQoVGS9H5Sx
     March 01, 2011 - Data Synthesis Meta-analyses were conducted to calculate pooled relative risks (RRs) for smoking status … Meta-analyses were adjusted for cluster randomization using the sample sizes, number of clusters, and … Analyses were based on data at or closest to 12 months after base- line. … To evaluate the effects of trial-level characteristics on tobacco use, analyses were stratified by location … Results were similar with stratified analyses.

285. Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DPq7_eawq-Ts6XLowaTaNA
     November 27, 2018 - When at least 3 similar trials were available, random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. … Detailed methods, evidence tables, sensitivity analyses, and contextual information are available in … continued to meet the study selection criteria for this update.16 Qualitative and quantitative sensitivity analyses … Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.15 All quantitative analyses were conducted … Sensitivity analyses that included poor-quality studies did not change the results (eResults 1, eFigure

286. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Xbtq4oDQwVo7KgmSjnnDbz
     November 01, 2021 - Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. … The analyses for test performance focused primarily on per-person (ie, by indi- vidual patient rather … Because of the limited number of studies and the clinical hetero- geneity of studies, the analyses were … Meta-analyses were performed using R version 3.0.2 (R Project for Statistical Computing).23,24 Results … Based on intention-to-treat analyses, com- pared with no screening, biennial screening with Hemoccult

287. Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: A Systematic Evidence Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/R_cAa3AjFGQ2np_aQnzQGA
     February 11, 2025 - full-text articles, study quality, and extracted data; when at least 2 similar studies were available, meta-analyses … Sensitivity analyses were conducted for alternative types of vertebral fracture (clinical vs radiographic … Findings from sensitivity analyses were consistent for each outcome when alternative pooling methods … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. … Chapter 10: analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses.

288. Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/rQBBkz9CrHh4vp7ZnEkF-t
     July 18, 2023 - Additional methodological details, analyses, results for other lipid outcomes in treatment trials other … random-effects restricted maximum likelihood method with the Knapp-Hartung correction was applied in meta-analyses … Due to the limited number of trials (<10) for pooled analyses of statins, assessment of small- study … effects and publication bias were not performed.15,16 All quantitative analyses were performed using … Recommendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analyses of randomised controlled

289. Archived: Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/latent-tuberculosis-infection-screening-september-2016
     September 06, 2016 - Based on pooled analyses of studies reviewed by the USPSTF, when using a positive threshold of 10 mm, … TST has sensitivity of 79% (11 studies; n=988) and specificity of 97% (9 studies; n=9651). 2 Pooled analyses … Pooled analyses of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test (another type of IGRA) indicate sensitivity of

290. Hdzuzdx4Qlnc2Pjbkfwquw (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/hDZUZdx4qLNc2PjbkfWQuw
     April 01, 2016 - Since earlier analyses (1), the models have under- gone substantial revision to reflect advances in breast … In other analyses, 2 models (model E and GE) ex- amined the effect of comorbidity on screening cessa- … Sensitivity Analyses for Average-Risk Populations Varying the disutilities for usual health, screening … Consistent with other analyses of upper age limits for screening (20, 48–50) and other recommendations … Cost-effectiveness and harm- benefit analyses of risk-based screening strategies for breast cancer.

291. Effectiveness of Primary Care–Relevant Treatments for Obesity in Adults: A Systematic Evidence Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/hbSopN6uA9u-4EQuKtRGDP
     October 01, 2011 - Data Synthesis and Analysis We conducted separate random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the effect … All analyses were performed by using Stata 10.0 (Stata- Corp LP, College Station, Texas). … Just over one half of all trials limited analyses to completers (23, 27–30, 34, 39, 40, 43, 46, 47, 49 … Trials in- cluded in meta-analyses were more likely to show effects than those not included. … Because of missing information, we could not include about one third of trials in meta-analyses.

292. Evidence Summary: Unhealthy Alcohol Use in Adolescents and Adults: Screening and Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/unhealthy-alcohol-use-in-adolescents-and-adults-screening-and-behavioral-counseling-interventions
     November 13, 2018 - Counseling trials were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. … To determine whether meta-analyses were appropriate, clinical and methodological heterogeneity were assessed … Stata version 13.1 (StataCorp) was used for all analyses. … One study in a general adult population provided subgroup analyses of pregnant women and older adults … , 26 , 59 and 1 study of participants aged 12 to 20 years provided subgroup analyses of young adults

293. Archived: Evidence Summary: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
     June 15, 2016 - Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. … The analyses for test performance focused primarily on per-person (ie, by individual patient rather than … Because of the limited number of studies and the clinical heterogeneity of studies, the analyses were … Meta-analyses were performed using R version 3.0.2 (R Project for Statistical Computing). 23 , 24 … Based on intention-to-treat analyses, compared with no screening, biennial screening with Hemoccult II

294. Screening for HIV Infection in Asymptomatic, Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/q_zxLD9JZFGoSPCrEHNk2g
     June 11, 2019 - Collaboration were included in the prior USPSTF report44; new articles report 7-year outcomes19 and subgroup analyses … evaluated cohorts from Canada (n = 4120)20 and the United States (n = 3532).21 All studies reported analyses … there were only 5 cases of AIDS-related mortality.13 Results for the primary outcome were similar when analyses … difficult to account for potential interactions between ART drugs and patients switching ART regimens in analyses … whole, some evidence on long-term harms of ART apply to drugs not con- sidered first-line options, and analyses

295. W-9Tarc9Nkw6Pe4Sfddmkz (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/W-9TArc9nkw6Pe4sfddMKZ
     July 01, 2013 - We performed meta-analyses when studies were sufficiently similar in terms of statistical homogeneity … used Review Manager, Version 5.0 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark), to per- form meta-analyses … For example, analyses adjusting for these variables show that glycemia accounted for only 1.7% of the … The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomized Studies in Meta-analyses.

296. Archived: Prostate Cancer: Screening, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prostate-cancer-screening-1996
     January 01, 1996 - Recent decision analyses have combined current estimates of the benefits and harms to predict whether … Retrospective quality-of-life analyses have reported similar findings, noting that men who have undergone … controlling for the sexual and urinary dysfunction that is common in this age group. 93 Other decision analyses … Although older analyses suggested a modest benefit from screening, 94 , 95 more recent models have reached

297. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary39/obesity-in-children-and-adolescents-screening-2010
     January 15, 2010 - As a sensitivity analysis, we also ran meta-analyses to examine only those that reported BMI change. … All meta-analyses were conducted by using RevMan 4.2 (Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Center, The Cochrane … Parallel analyses on the subset of trials that reported BMI change, calculating weighted mean differences … Quantitative Synthesis For the behavioral interventions, we conducted meta-analyses of short-term and … All meta-analyses were conducted by using RevMan 4.2.

298. Archived: Evidence Summary: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-screening-2016
     April 05, 2016 - Given the clinical heterogeneity of studies, meta-analyses were not conducted for any of the questions … tiotropium in patients naive to maintenance treatment with moderate COPD (n = 457) 55 and 4 subgroup analyses … Furthermore, there were a number of limitations in the included subgroup analyses for all classes of … medications, such as 1) the primary trials were powered for the entire population, not the subgroup; 2) analyses … However, the treatment literature was largely limited to subgroup analyses, almost exclusively

299. T6Tquunynv3Twm65Bfash2 (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/T6Tquunynv3tWM65BFash2
     October 01, 2015 - Based on pooled analyses of 35 studies from a 2013 systematic review that evaluated advice delivered … Based on pooled analyses of 32 studies from a 2014 review of print-based self-help materials (n = 40 … materials were compared with no self-help materials (RR, 1.06 [CI, 0.98 to 1.16]), based on pooled analyses … Pooled analyses of 51 studies (n = 30 246) found that recruiter-initiated telephone counseling that did … Pooled analyses found that NRT plus bupropion SR was more effective than bupropion SR alone (RR, 1.24

300. Nz Rqwxmmr8Vym-Yjuqru- (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/NZ_RQWxMMR8Vym-yJuqru-
     May 23, 2019 - Further analyses, however, showed that these benefits were out of proportion to the achieved glycemic … Ten RCTs and three meta-analyses have compared clinical outcomes among diabetic persons treated with … Second, the meta-analyses grouped specific drugs within a class together. … Nonetheless, the meta-analyses compared results across trials. … Meta-Analyses of Comparisons of Antihypertensive Drugs* Study, Year (Reference) Quality Population