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261. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/Z6Rfj-qwfoMbuLp-hBmhzS
     May 01, 2021 - To determine whether meta-analyses were appropri- ate, the clinical and methodological heterogeneity … The meta command in Stata version 16 was used to conduct all quantitative analyses.18 The I2 statistic … ESS Score | Forty-seven trials reported sufficient ESS data to include in meta-analyses. … However, the meta-analyses by OSA severity subgroup (4 categories: mild to severe, mild only and mild … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses.

262. Archived: Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Women: Behavioral and Pharmacotherapy Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/tobacco-use-in-adults-and-pregnant-women-counseling-and-interventions-september-2015
     September 21, 2015 - Based on pooled analyses of 35 studies from a 2013 systematic review that evaluated advice delivered … smoking abstinence compared with minimal advice (RR, 1.37 [CI, 1.20 to 1.56]). 20 Based on pooled analyses … materials were compared with no self-help materials (RR, 1.06 [CI, 0.98 to 1.16]), based on pooled analyses … Pooled analyses of 51 studies ( n = 30,246) found that recruiter-initiated telephone counseling that … Pooled analyses found that NRT plus bupropion SR was more effective than bupropion SR alone (RR, 1.24

263. Low-Dose Aspiring for the Prevention of Morbidity and Mortality from Preeclampsia: A Systematic Evidence Review fro the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/6W538pkN7ft6TsRMKfPWMJ
     May 27, 2014 - and the metaan procedure for sensitivity analyses (32). … We used profile likelihood estima- tion to conduct sensitivity analyses for the pooled effects because … Sensitivity analyses using the profile likelihood method did not change these esti- mates; however, the … Sensitivity analyses using an alternate method for esti- mating the pooled random effects resulted in … Analgesics during pregnancy and cryptorchidism: additional analyses [Letter].

264. Archived: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication, 1996 | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-prophylaxis-myocardial-infarction-preventive-medication-1996
     January 01, 1996 - In subgroup analyses, this beneficial effect occurred only in individuals age 50 years and older, although … ischemic stroke, and after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and thrombolysis). 10 , 13-17 Three meta-analyses

265. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/DYFdTVu-UY3h7CWGdA7Zkh
     July 20, 2021 - Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. … For KQ2, the analyses primarily focused on per-person test ac- curacy of a single test application to … For the FITs, random-effects meta-analyses were conducted by test “family” (ie, tests produced by the … For colonos- copy and flexible sigmoidoscopy, random-effects meta-analyses using the DerSimonian and … All quantitative analyses were conducted in Stata version 16 (StataCorp).

266. Evidence Summary: Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-nonpregnant-adolescents-and-adults1/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening
     June 11, 2019 - were included in the prior USPSTF report; 44 new articles report 7-year outcomes 19 and subgroup analyses … evaluated cohorts from Canada (n = 4120) 20 and the United States (n = 3532). 21 All studies reported analyses … were only 5 cases of AIDS-related mortality. 13 Results for the primary outcome were similar when analyses … whole, some evidence on long-term harms of ART apply to drugs not considered first-line options, and analyses … difficult to account for potential interactions between ART drugs and patients switching ART regimens in analyses

267. Archived: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening-2008
     October 15, 2008 - Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET), investigators conducted microsimulation analyses … that applied programs of screening to standard populations of adults in the United States. 5  These analyses … The analyses were carried out by using 2 microsimulation population models, both parts of the larger … Cost-effectiveness analyses of colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review for the U.S.

268. Archived: Treatment: Evidence Summary: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/treatment-evidence-summary/gestational-diabetes-mellitus-screening-january-2014
     May 28, 2013 - We performed meta-analyses when studies were sufficiently similar in terms of statistical homogeneity … and used Review Manager Version 5.0 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) to perform meta-analyses … For example, analyses adjusting for these variables show that glycemia accounted for only 1.7% of the … The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomized Studies in Meta-analyses.

269. Evidence Summary: Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/lipid-disorders-in-children-screening
     July 18, 2023 - Additional methodological details, analyses, results for other lipid outcomes in treatment trials other … Due to the limited number of trials (<10) for pooled analyses of statins, assessment of small-study effects … and publication bias were not performed. 15 , 16 All quantitative analyses were performed using Stata … largest body of evidence addressing FH treatment, but only 1 trial is new in this update. 56-65 Pooled analyses … Recommendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry inmeta-analyses of randomised controlled

270. Recommendation: Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons: Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/tobacco-use-in-adults-and-pregnant-women-counseling-and-interventions
     January 19, 2021 - Although not definitive, some subgroup analyses suggest that more intensive physician counseling (>20 … than placebo or no bupropion SR (19.0% vs 11.0%; RR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.52-1.77]). 64 Based on pooled analyses … Another systematic review, 67 which pooled analyses of 65 studies (n = 23,331), found that cessation … Pooled analyses from 97 studies (n = 26,637) found that use of any psychosocial intervention was associated … The majority of studies used counseling interventions, and analyses of only counseling interventions

271. Evidence Summary: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary14/lung-cancer-screening
     March 09, 2021 - To determine whether meta-analyses were appropriate, the clinical and methodological heterogeneity of … the studies was assessed according to established guidance. 11 Meta-analyses were not conducted because … Quantitative analyses were conducted using Stata version 14 (StataCorp). … Seven publications using DLCST, LUSI, NELSON, or NLST data described subgroup analyses for age, sex, … by age group among the men in the trial (not including the women in those analyses) but did not report

272. Screening for Hypertension in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/QaNSteuunshjz-kHPxVvAN
     April 27, 2021 - DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Independent critical appraisal and data abstraction; meta-analyses and … evaluated, as well as refer- ence lists of other systematic reviews and individual patient–data meta-analyses … For all pooled analyses, a bivariate model was used to model sensitivity and specificity simultane- ously … Stata version 15.1 (StataCorp) was used for all analyses. … Meta-analyses suggest that for untreated indi- viduals generally recruited from population-based cohorts

273. Evidence Summary: Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/osteoporosis-screening
     January 14, 2025 - Sensitivity analyses were conducted for alternative types of vertebral fracture (clinical vs radiographic … Findings from sensitivity analyses were consistent for each outcome when alternative pooling methods … Two studies were limited to new users; 213 , 215 the third study provided sensitivity analyses for a … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. … Chapter 10: analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses.

274. Archived: Evidence Summary: NSAIDs: Aspirin/NSAIDs for Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary-nsaids/aspirin-nsaids-for-prevention-of-colorectal-cancer-preventive-medication-2007
     March 15, 2007 - any NSAIDs was associated with statistically significant reductions in CRC frequency in the pooled analyses … quality 25 , 28 demonstrated inconsistent dose effects, which may be due to underpowered subgroup analyses … over valdecoxib alone. 70 Although the data for these estimates were derived from post hoc subgroup analyses … However, it should be noted that these observations were derived from post hoc subgroup analyses. … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 2003;327:557-60. [PMID: 12958120] 16.

275. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors for Primary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/EppFbhnDEX5UtYWrTkLEhT
     March 01, 2007 - any NSAIDs was associated with statistically significant reduc- tions in CRC frequency in the pooled analyses … quality (25, 28) demonstrated inconsistent dose effects, which may be due to underpowered subgroup analyses … Although the data for these estimates were derived from post hoc subgroup analyses and may be subject … However, it should be noted that these observations were derived from post hoc subgroup analyses. … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327:557-60. [PMID: 12958120] 16.

276. Final Research Plan: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/cervical-cancer-screening
     October 29, 2015 - ) Reduced quality of life   Study Designs KQs 1, 2: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses

277. Kbjjfcap9Xvhkp43U-7B9Q (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KbJjfcaP9XvhkP43u-7b9q
     July 01, 2014 - For antiviral therapy and vaccination, we conducted meta-analyses to calculate relative risks using the … of treatment), although we conducted sensitivity analyses of events during antiviral therapy. … For all analyses, we stratified results by antiviral drug. … Results were generally consistent across individual drugs and in sensitiv- ity and subgroup analyses … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327:557-60. [PMID: 12958120] 17.

278. Evidence Summary: Weight Loss to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: Behavioral Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/obesity-in-adults-interventions
     September 18, 2018 - Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for weight loss outcomes in behavior-based interventions. … Full methodological details (including study selection, excluded studies, and description of data analyses … For weight outcomes in behavior-based interventions, random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using … A series of meta-regression analyses were conducted to investigate whether variability among the results … Quantitative analyses were conducted using Stata version 13.1 (Stata Corp LP).

279. Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KFZpoMBYuoo8TRW6nhRev8
     October 23, 2023 - Data Synthesis Meta-analyses of oral PrEP vs placebo or no PrEP were conducted for the 2019 USPSTF review … Laird ran- dom-effects model3; there were no new placebo-controlled trials to perform updated meta-analyses … Results were consistent in stratified analyses based on fol- low-up duration, receipt of industry support … Results were similar in stratified analyses based on age (<25 vs �25 years), con- traception method, … Findings were robust in subgroup and stratified analyses based on HIV risk cat- egory, study duration

280. Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/WEqCV3NvnZAeLdC_pp6nVK
     October 01, 2018 - Analyses were stratified according to DAA regimen. … For SVR, separate analyses were performed for each HCV genotype. … Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.11 Subgroup analyses were conducted on … Stratified analyses were assessed for interactions using a test for heterogeneity across subgroups. … Seven studies were included in 2 pooled analyses,95,96 and there were 3 additional studies (reported