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181. Archived: Final Research Plan: Skin Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan104/skin-cancer-screening-july-2016
     July 17, 2014 - of the publication window; case reports and case series (except as noted for KQs 2 and 6); decision analyses

182. Draft Research Plan: Enhanced Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease: Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/draft-research-plan/cardiovascular-disease-enhanced-risk-assessment-non-traditional-risk-factors
     April 25, 2024 - Populations Adults without known cardiovascular disease Populations being screened for lung cancer Analyses

183. Evidence Summary: Breastfeeding: Primary Care Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/breastfeeding-primary-care-interventions
     April 11, 2025 - Pooled analyses indicated beneficial associations between breastfeeding support interventions and any … For breastfeeding outcomes (KQ2), random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using the restricted maximum … whether there was evidence of small-study effects. 21 Stata version 16.1 (StataCorp)was used for all analyses … In meta-analyses, there was a statistically significant association between participating in a breastfeeding … The forest plots for all pooled analyses can be found in eFigures 1 through 9 in the Supplement.

184. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/HhFR4LyVtxMcwmafRH6Ehp
     June 04, 2024 - Random-effects meta-analyses with Knapp-Hartung adjustment. … Within each study, the longest follow-up was selected for pooled analyses and figures. … Pooled Analyses for Multifactorial and Exercise Interventions 0.3 21 1.2 RR or IRR (95% CI) No. of … Furthermore, 2 exercise trials re- ported within-study subgroup analyses for falls and/or fracture, … Meta-analyses of cluster randomization trials: power considerations.

185. Draft Recommendation: Breastfeeding: Primary Care Behavioral Counseling Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/draft-recommendation/breastfeeding-interventions
     October 22, 2024 - months, and 6 months) varied from 27 to 51 trials (N analyzed=10,622 to 17,580). 1 Based on pooled analyses … effectiveness did not vary by any participant or intervention characteristic except in exploratory analyses … to determine if any differences between control and intervention groups existed, since many of these analyses

186. Final Research Plan: Enhanced Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease: Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan/cardiovascular-disease-enhanced-risk-assessment-non-traditional-risk-factors
     September 26, 2024 - Populations Adults without known cardiovascular disease Populations being screened for lung cancer Analyses

187. Primary Care–Relevant Interventions to Prevent Falling in Older Adults: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/VpT-c4bnmvHFRPyKgPwb2Z
     December 01, 2010 - Thus, primary analyses estimated relative risk for falling by using random-effects models (20, 21). … We conducted separate analyses for each intervention category. … For single clinical treatments, the analyses were further stratified by treatment type. … All meta-analyses were done by using Stata Clinical Guideline Primary Care Interventions for Falling … The remaining studies excluded participants who were lost to follow-up or were dead from the analyses

188. Behavioral Counseling Research and Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Perspectives | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/methods-and-processes/behavioral-counseling-research-and-evidence-based-practice-recommendations-us-preventive-services-task-force-perspectives
     March 01, 2014 - Many thoughtful and constructive analyses focus on the importance of several factors in the design and … as blood pressure, blood glucose level, and lipid level, may be an untapped resource for secondary analyses … Support from funding agencies for these types of secondary analyses could greatly enhance the work of … A Framework to Facilitate the Use of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses in the Design of Primary Research

189. Archived: Final Evidence Summary: Syphilis Infection in Pregnancy: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary94/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening-2009
     May 15, 2009 - Randomized, controlled trials; meta-analyses; systematic reviews; cohort studies; and ecologic studies … Randomized, controlled trials; meta-analyses; systematic reviews; cohort studies; case-control studies … the prevalence of congenital syphilis in neonates, we included randomized, controlled trials; meta-analyses … harms of syphilis screening and penicillin treatment, we included randomized, controlled trials; meta-analyses

190. Evidence Summary: Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years: Screening and Preventive Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/oral-health-children-adolescents-screening-preventive-interventions
     November 07, 2023 - Analyses were conducted stratifying on relevant factors, including placebo or no treatment control; school … Assessment for small study effects was not performed because the meta-analyses had fewer than 10 studies … control type, follow-up duration, or age and effects of supplements on DMFT/DFT increment, although analyses … Fifth, meta-analyses had substantial statistical heterogeneity. … To address statistical heterogeneity, random-effects models were used and stratified analyses on study-level

191. Primary Care–Relevant Interventions for Tobacco Use Prevention and Cessation in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Evidence Review for the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/myqvgr-dsW7k3eQbwj4aR4
     February 01, 2013 - Pooled analyses from a random-effects meta- analysis suggested a 19% relative reduction (risk ratio, … we had fewer than 10 trials in all analyses (19). … Third, we did not perform formal analyses for pub- lication bias due to small numbers of trials. … Our analyses of abstracts and searches of trials registries did not suggest publication bias. … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327:557-60. [PMID: 12958120] 21.

192. Archived: Modeling Study: Colorectal Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/modeling-study/colorectal-cancer-screening-june-2016
     June 15, 2016 - The number of screening tests as a measure of the burden of screening has been used for modeling analyses … Sensitivity Analyses Additional simulations were conducted using best-case and worst-case values for … data to support lowering the recommended age to begin CRC screening from 50 to 45 years, subsequent analyses … Sensitivity Analyses Model predictions for the sensitivity analysis using the best-case and worst-case … family history, 56 comorbidity status, 57 and screening history 10 have been evaluated in other analyses

193. Evidence for the Reaffirmation of the USPSTF Recommendaiton on Screening for High Blood Pressure (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/KSYrhQuAswGjTww_4sDFGZ
     December 01, 2007 - Study Selection: For the literature on benefits, meta-analyses; sys- tematic reviews; and randomized, … For harms, meta-analyses; systematic reviews; randomized, con- trolled trials; cohort studies; case–control … For the literature on benefits, we included meta-analyses; systematic reviews; and random- ized, controlled

194. 2Xrg8Dz2Eegvwyurrthgmd (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/2XRG8Dz2EegVWYUrRThgmD
     October 01, 2015 - We excluded nonsystematic meta- analyses and narrative reviews. … Several of the meta- analyses treated comparisons among different trial groups as separate studies and … Fixed-effects models were used in nearly all meta-analyses. … Evidence of beneficial health outcomes were also seen in the pooled analyses across all interventions … Pharmacologic-based Strategies for Smoking Cessation: Clini- cal and Cost-Effectiveness Analyses.

195. Depression and Suicide Risk Screening: Updated Evidence Summary and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/zk8YxjaQxLGUTtt__nBQB_
     September 09, 2021 - qualitatively, including reporting of meta-analysis results from existing systematic reviews; meta-analyses … Analyses were conducted in Stata version 16.1 (StataCorp). … For ex- ample, in individual patient data meta-analyses, the PHQ-9 correctly identified 85% of people … and in analyses of some important specific populations, including older adults, perinatal populations … limited to primary care settings tended to be smaller than in broad-based analyses Suicide risk 23

196. Evidence Summary: Perinatal Depression: Preventive Interventions | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/evidence-summary/perinatal-depression-preventive-interventions
     February 12, 2019 - effects, which can be related to publication bias. 15 Additionally, meta-regression and sensitivity analyses … Stata version 15.1 (StataCorp LP) was used for all analyses. … Additional sensitivity and subgroup analyses exploring effect sizes by study and intervention characteristics … b Study-reported adjusted analyses were statistically significant, although effect size shown in the … Summary of Pooled Effects of Subgroup Analyses for Counseling Interventions, Organized by Counseling

197. Evidence Summary: Hypertension in Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/hypertension-in-adults-screening
     April 27, 2021 - Data Extraction and Synthesis: Independent critical appraisal and data abstraction; meta-analyses and … evaluated, as well as reference lists of other systematic reviews and individual patient–data meta-analyses … For all pooled analyses, a bivariate model was used to model sensitivity and specificity simultaneously … Stata version 15.1 (StataCorp) was used for all analyses. … Meta-analyses suggest that for untreated individuals generally recruited from population-based cohorts

198. Evidence Summary: Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-evidence-summary/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-screening
     December 15, 2020 - Subgroup analyses were conducted on study quality, geographic setting, duration of follow-up, HBeAg status … statistical tests for small sample effects were not conducted because of fewer than 10 trials for most analyses … Subgroup analyses found no statistically significant interactions between HBeAg status or duration of … Otherwise, subgroup analyses were not performed because of small numbers of trials. … Results were generally consistent when analyses were stratified by individual drug, although some estimates

199. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review of the USPSTF (pdf file)
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/home/getfilebytoken/nMb54adBfgajp8dG87kPcw
     April 17, 2018 - Random-effects meta-analyses using the method of DerSimonian and Laird. … Stata version 13.1 (Stata Corp LP) was used for all quantitative analyses. … Meta-analyses of cluster randomization trials: power considerations. … Differences in overlapping meta-analyses of vitamin D supplements and falls. … umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

200. Archived: Final Research Plan: Aspirin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication | United States Preventive Services Taskforce
     www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/document/final-research-plan-aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-diseas/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer-april-2016
     October 07, 2013 - Design KQ 1: Randomized, controlled trials; controlled clinical trials; systematic reviews and meta-analyses