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361. Rheumatoid-Arthritis-Medicine Surveillance (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/rheumatoid-arthritis-medicine_surveillance.pdf
     March 01, 2013 - Three were active-controlled clinical trials, six were systematic reviews with meta-analyses, and nine … Mixed  treatment   comparisons):  No significant differences in disease activity (ACR 50) in MTC analyses … disease activity (ACR 50) for anakinra compared with etanercept and compared with adalimumab in MTC analyses … therapy and the risk of infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review and meta- analyses … disease activity (ACR 50) for anakinra compared with etanercept and compared with adalimumab in MTC analyses

362. Rheumatoid-Arthritis-Medicine Surveillance (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/rheumatoid-arthritis-medicine_surveillance.pdf
     March 01, 2013 - Three were active-controlled clinical trials, six were systematic reviews with meta-analyses, and nine … Mixed  treatment   comparisons):  No significant differences in disease activity (ACR 50) in MTC analyses … disease activity (ACR 50) for anakinra compared with etanercept and compared with adalimumab in MTC analyses … therapy and the risk of infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review and meta- analyses … disease activity (ACR 50) for anakinra compared with etanercept and compared with adalimumab in MTC analyses

363. S131 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/s131.pdf
     October 01, 2007 - Noninformative drop-out causes bias towards the null in intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses. … For RCTs all restrictions and most subgroup analyses need to be predetermined because RCTs are by design … In database studies, several keystrokes will suffice to perform subgroup analyses to identify modifications … A meta-analyses of 3 RCTs of pravastatin showed a moderate overall mortality effect for patients 65 years … The obvious solution to this problem is to stratify analyses ac- cording to relevant clinical subgroups

364. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/insulin-blood-sugar-2010_research-protocol.pdf
     January 01, 2010 - To date, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses comparing the effects of rt-CGM to SMBG have been published … Data Synthesis We will conduct meta-analyses when there are sufficient data (at least three studies … heterogeneity, we will attempt to determine potential reasons for this by conducting metaregression analyses … of the asymmetry of funnel plots for each comparison of interest for the outcomes for which meta-analyses … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 2003;327:557- 60. 31. Begg CB, Mazumdar M.

365. Pharmacologic and Non-pharmacologic Therapies in Adult Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/copd-research-protocol.pdf
     April 11, 2018 - Study design • Original data • Any sample size • RCTs • Relevant systematic reviews, or meta-analyses … To further explore heterogeneity, we plan to conduct subgroup 11 analyses based on factors … We will conduct sensitivity analyses to evaluate robustness of our findings by excluding studies with … We will lower SOE grading when sensitivity analyses 1) show substantial difference in estimates derived … " or "Cox multivariate analysis" or "Cox regression" or "Cox survival analyses" or "Cox survival analysis

366. Renal-Function Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/renal-function_research-protocol.pdf
     June 13, 2013 - Previous reviews and meta-analyses have investigated the prognostic performance of troponin testing … We will conduct meta-analyses when there are sufficient data and studies are sufficiently homogenous … the topic, we anticipate the studies to be predominantly observational in nature, including post-hoc analyses … formula for calculating between-study variance.30 Heterogeneity among the trials in all the meta-analyses … Measuring inconsistency in meta- analyses. BMJ. 2003 Sep 6;327(7414):557-60. PMID: 12958120. 32.

367. Maternal and Fetal Effects of Mental Health Treatments in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: A Systematic Review of Pharmacological Interventions (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/protocol-pharm-pregnant-women_0.pdf
     December 05, 2018 - If feasible, qualitative or quantitative sensitivity analyses may be conducted to gauge the difference … For all analyses, we will use random effects models to estimate pooled or comparative effects; unlike … To determine whether quantitative analyses are appropriate, we will assess the clinical and methodological … If we include any meta-analyses with considerable statistical heterogeneity in this report, we will … When quantitative analyses are not appropriate (e.g., due to heterogeneity, insufficient numbers of

368. Evidence Map on Home and Community Based Services (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/evidence-map-hcbs-protocol.pdf
     July 27, 2023 - We will use relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses to identify additional existing and new literature … Question 1, we will include RCTs, comparative observational studies, and systematic reviews/meta-analyses … design • Guiding Question 1: o RCTs o Comparative observational studies o Systematic reviews or meta-analyses

369. Cer-250-Cannabis-2024-Surv-Rep-Update-Tables-F1-2 (xls file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-250-cannabis-2024-surv-rep-update-tables-f1-2.xlsx
     January 01, 2024 - Did the Study Perform Appropriate Statistical Analyses on Potential Confounders (i.e., Age, Sex, Other

370. Er r or Rate Reduction Regarding Lower Limb Prosthesis (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/prosthesis_research-protocol.pdf
     March 16, 2017 - congenital amputations, or pediatrics) and they report subgroup data based on these factors, include analyses … subgroup (thus, N≥20 total) [this number may change depending on available data] § If no subgroup analyses … However, if there are sufficient similar studies, we will conduct random effects model meta-analyses … explored qualitatively and, if appropriate data are available, we may also conduct metaregression analyses … The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses

371. Disposition of Comments Report for Cardiac Troponins Used as Diagnostic and Prognostic Tests in Patients Wtih Kidney Disease (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/renal-function_disposition-comments.pdf
     August 11, 2014 - criteria for the outcomes measures and the statistical methods used were sound and appropriate for the analyses … Peer reviewer #2 Results Page 21 ES—For conducted meta-analyses, did the authors request and/or have … Other published meta- analyses have been conducted that have used even more heterogeneous criteria, … We believe it is inappropriate to conduct meta-analyses for the diagnostic criteria because there were … To determine if there are any temporal trends, we sorted the studies included in the meta- analyses

372. Kidney-Stone-Prevention Research-Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/kidney-stone-prevention_research-protocol.pdf
     June 15, 2011 - /or outcome assessor); 3) data completeness (inclusion of all randomized participants in outcomes analyses … 34 ). 13 Source: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov Published Online: June 15, 2011 For analyses … For all treatments, subgroup analyses that will be performed if feasible include evaluation of treatment … Direction and impact of language bias in meta-analyses of controlled trials: empirical study. … Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 2003 Sep 6;327(7414):557-60. 35.

373. Disposition of Comments for Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring: Comparative Effectiveness (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/measuring-blood-pressure_disposition-comments.pdf
     January 01, 2012 - “These summary estimates remained essentially unchanged in sensitivity meta-analyses that included … Those articles that were found by the search mechanism, but not included in the actual meta-analyses … “These summary estimates remained essentially unchanged in sensitivity meta-analyses that included … “These summary estimates remained essentially unchanged in sensitivity meta-analyses that included … In our literature update, we found a study (Bosoworth 2011, FU report on Bosworth 2009) with analyses

374. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/migraine-emergency_research-protocol.pdf
     July 18, 2011 - We will use the random effects model for all meta-analyses with Review Manager 5.0 software (The Cochrane … Reasons for heterogeneity will be explored through subgroup analyses and meta-regression (where there … Planned subgroup analyses include age, sex, race, duration of headaches, and nonresponders to treatment … Sensitivity analyses will be conducted to assess the robustness of the findings across study quality … The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses

375. Disposition of Comments: CER 224, Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-224-depression-children-comments.pdf
     April 10, 2020 - Wagner et al present pooled analyses of RCTs (ineligible design) and did not present individual estimates … These subgroup analyses, when available, were generally hypothesis generating because studies were … and require confirmation from larger preplanned analyses.” … and require confirmation from larger preplanned analyses.” … Point applies to many of the outcomes examined, I wonder whether better to leave these analyses out

376. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/weight-loss-surgery_research-protocol.pdf
     December 14, 2010 - We will define loss to follow-up as the number of patients excluded from efficacy analyses, expressed … (Across a broad array of meta-analyses, an evaluation found that trials scoring 0-2 report exaggerated … For the efficacy and comparative effectiveness analyses, we will focus on studies that report outcomes … Since most of the scales used as outcome measures in the pooled analyses are scored so that more severely … All meta-analyses will be conducted with Stata statistical software, version 8.2 (Stata Corp., College

377. Vitamin-D-Calcium-Protocol-130611 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/vitamin-d-calcium_research-protocol.pdf
     September 13, 2013 - We will also assess the reporting of intention-to-treat analyses and crossovers when so designed, as … online: June 10, 2013 12 applicable), clear reporting of comparisons in the study, statistical analyses … It is not anticipated that new meta-analyses will be conducted, based on familiarity with the heterogeneity … Meta- regressions/sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses are not anticipated, unless the TEP recommends

378. worker-health-protocol-150526 (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/worker-health_research-protocol.pdf
     May 26, 2015 - We plan to exclude studies deemed high risk of bias from our main data synthesis and main analyses for … KQ 2; we will include them only in sensitivity analyses. … Nonetheless, we will consider performing meta-analyses where we have at least three unique studies of … meta-analysis seems appropriate in these circumstances, we will perform only random-effects model meta-analyses … can be narrowed down to a small number of promising factors, we will consider these for subgroup analyses

379. Prostate-Cancer-Risk-Assessment-Genes Executive (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/prostate-cancer-risk-assessment-genes_executive.pdf
     July 01, 2012 - review the relevant scientific literature on topics assigned to them by AHRQ and conduct additional analyses … identified to address the questions of risk reclassification or predicted performance in simulation analyses … aggressive and nonaggressive disease, and investigators should consider the possibility for subgroup analyses … Environmental and heritable factors in the causation of cancer--Analyses of cohorts of twins from Sweden … The Newcastle- Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quailty of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses

380. Treatment Strategies for Women With Coronary Artery Disease: Future Research Needs (pdf file)
     effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cad-women-treatment-future_research.pdf
     February 01, 2013 - review the relevant scientific literature on topics assigned to them by AHRQ and conduct additional analyses … ; also possible would be meta- analyses of all existing clinical trials with patient-level data to more … Analyses suggested a benefit of CABG (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.31 to 1.24) or either PCI or CABG (OR, 0.71 … A search of PubMed for relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses included in our original search … Many of the same issues inherent in meta-analyses of RCTs (both study-level and patient-level data)