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Showing results for "a research on the use of outcome data".

61. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/ptsd-5-protocol-update-2023.pdf
    January 01, 2023 - Systematic reviews typically abstract a small number of data elements pertinent to the scope of the … Hence, there is a need for a single source that provides up-to-date, detailed, comprehensive data on … other cross-study comparisons; (2) help identify research gaps to determine future research priorities … by one person on the research team and checked for accuracy by a second, with any disagreements resolved … PTSD outcome data in each of the arms of the study (i.e., differential attrition from measurement).

62. DEcIDE 33: Summary Variables in Observational Resesarch: Propensity Scores and Disease Risk Scores (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/observational-research-scores_research.pdf
    May 01, 2012 - Disease risk scores might be favored when assessing the effect of multiple exposures on a single outcome … and effect of the prognostic variable on the outcome). … obtain data on the missing variables for a sample of the source population in order to assess the effect … from a region of observed data to a region without data, and the extrapolation could lead to erroneous … the reader of the research with a sense of comfort that the stratification on the propensity score

63. Ch 10-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_10-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
    January 01, 2011 - Increasingly common in CER is the use of propensity scores, which assign a probability of receiving … control for such intermediate variables could block some of the effect of the treatment on the outcome … based on consideration of the outcome measure and nature of the followup measures or assessments. … the effect of the instrument on the treatment, and the effect of the instrument on the outcome can … together be used to essentially back out the effect of the treatment on the outcome.

64. Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews_Inclusion of Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions in Systematic Reviews of Intervention Effectiveness: An Update (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/product/pdf/methods-guide-inclusion-nonrandomized-studies.pdf
    September 01, 2022 - on the intervention status are collected when the outcome or the risk of the outcome is known, differential … Therefore, any test for a direct effect of the instrument on the outcome will also be confounded by … of the intervention on the outcome. … A narrative review on the validity of electronic health record-based research in epidemiology. … Econometrics in outcomes research: the use of instrumental variables.

65. Methods Guide for Comparative Effectiveness Reviews_Inclusion of Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions in Systematic Reviews of Intervention Effectiveness: An Update (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/pdf/methods-guide-inclusion-nonrandomized-studies.pdf
    September 01, 2022 - on the intervention status are collected when the outcome or the risk of the outcome is known, differential … Therefore, any test for a direct effect of the instrument on the outcome will also be confounded by … of the intervention on the outcome. … A narrative review on the validity of electronic health record-based research in epidemiology. … Econometrics in outcomes research: the use of instrumental variables.

66. Slide 1
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/study-design-considerations-chapter-2.pptx
    January 01, 2013 - A typical example would be a study on the effects of beta-agonists on asthma mortality in patients with … of the outcome. … The causal interpretation changes from the effect of treatment versus no treatment on the outcome to … such as a drug/device or disease registry may offer advantages such as availability of data on covariates … of a medical intervention (e.g., initiation of drug use).

67. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/glaucoma-screening_research-protocol.pdf
    November 16, 2010 - of screening- based programs for open-angle glaucoma with a specific focus on the effects of screening … loss on activities of daily living (Primary outcome). … We will develop a search strategy for MEDLINE, to be accessed via PubMed, based on an analysis of the … of interest by using a form designed by the team investigators, advisors, and senior research methodologist … , incomplete outcome data (attrition bias), selective outcome reporting (reporting bias), and other

68. Ch 11-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_11-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
    January 03, 2012 - Sensitivity analyses of the outcome definition can allow for a richer understanding of the data, even … research purpose.11 For example, secondary use of data increases the chances that a known but unmeasured … use and bleeding in the General Practice Research Database. … scheme on the data. … As discussed, the strength of a confounder depends on its association with the exposure, the outcome

69. Carbohydrate-Intake-Prepub-Final-Research-Table-Rct (xls file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/carbohydrate-intake-prepub-final-research-table-rct.xlsx
    May 29, 2025 - Yes/No/Unclear Is the outcome assessor (interviewer) masked? … Note: If the patient is filling out a patient-reported outcome survey (e.g., EPDS), the patient IS the … If possible, this is rated for the measure of interest at the main timepoint of interest (e.g., GWG at … Yes/No/Unclear Did the study use accurate methods for ascertaining exposures and potential confounders … Yes/No/Unclear Were data analysts blinded to the exposure being studied?

70. Assessing the Risk of Bias of Individual Studies in Systematic Reviews of Health Care Interventions (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-bias-individual-studies_methods.pdf
    March 01, 2012 - life) without presenting data on individual endpoints;33 2. selective outcome reporting—for example … New research is emerging on selective outcome reporting in industry-funded studies.42 As methods on … Risk of Bias and Outcome Measures The use of valid and reliable outcome measures reduces the likelihood … bias of the outcome data in all studies reporting that outcome.9 This overall risk of bias is dictated … For example, if an outcome is unaffected by blinding, then the unconsidered use of a blinding “rule”

71. Tonsillectomy Research-Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/tonsillectomy_research-protocol.pdf
    February 10, 2016 - Criteria for Inclusion of Studies in the Review We  will  use  a  date  limit  of  January  1,  1980 …  data  on  rarer  adverse  events.       … Reports  outcome  data  by  target  population  or  intervention  (KQ1-­KQ6)  or  if  results  of  mixed … Specific  meta-­analysis  or  meta-­regression  will  depend  on  the  data  available.   … A  review  on  the  mechanism  of  sore  throat  in  tonsillitis.  

72. AHRQ Slide Template 2009 (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/data-extraction.ppt
    January 01, 2009 - Data Elements: Outcome (I) Of course, all outcomes should be determined a priori after discussions with … Balance the structure of the form with the flexibility of its use. … Use an iterative process and have several individuals test the form on multiple studies. … but to emphasize that these are different sets of numbers on the same outcome. … study arms, we get a third set of numbers, which we list in the table on the right.

73. Evidence Report on the (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/dietary-supplements_research-protocol.pdf
    December 15, 2010 - use by over half (53%) of American adults.1 Data from the National Health Interview Survey suggest … and predict the outcome of an interaction based on single clinical studies or case reports, particularly … This subset was developed based on a review of surveys of supplement use in the United States and on … We will perform independent checks on data extraction from a sample of studies included in reviews of … , blinding of outcome assessors, assessment of the purity/dose/stability of a dietary supplement and

74. Ch 4-User-Guide-To-Ocer 130129 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/ch_4-user-guide-to-ocer_130129.pdf
    January 01, 2010 - simply focus on a single-use event. … Similar to the use of other sources of data for exposure measurement, use of this type of data should … The use of administrative claims data that provide information on medication dispensing may provide … a more accurate estimate of the use of medications on a more routine basis. … influence of other exposures on the outcome.

75. Digestible Carbohydrate Intake and Maternal-Infant Outcomes: A Systematic Review (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/carbohydrate-intake-protocol.pdf
    April 08, 2024 - of the EPC librarian group, the medical research librarian will use the words and phrases for animals … Data Abstraction and Data Management At the beginning of data abstraction, we will develop a standardized … Research Protocol: The Effect of Dietary Digestible Carbohydrate Intake on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease … Research Protocol: The Effect of Dietary Digestible Carbohydrate Intake on Risk of Type 2 Diabetes, … Research Protocol: The Effect of Protein Intake on Health.

76. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews Chapter 12 (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/methods-guidance-tests-prognostic_methods.pdf
    July 01, 2012 - The proposed use of a prognostic test should serve as the framework for a systematic review and help … Each phase of development is focused on different types of questions, research designs, and statistical … One option is to use a decision model to frame the review and to focus on providing the best estimates … Comparisons of prognostic tests should use data from the same cohort of subjects to minimize confounding … about the use of a prognostic test by summarizing its association with an outcome are quite limited

77. Evidence-based Practice Center Systematic Review Protocol (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/cesarean-birth-2010_research-protocol.pdf
    January 01, 2010 - Based on several comments related to the use of the word “interventions” we altered the title of the … the data and results Studies must include at least one outcome measure of an outcome listed in … We will capture all relevant outcome measures available and report them as part of the data extraction … Decision rules regarding detailed use of the quality-assessment tools will be specified a priori by … Each key outcome on each comparison of interest will be given an overall evidence grade based on the

78. Methods Future Research Needs Number 8: Framework for Considering Study Designs (pdf file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/study-design-framework_research.pdf
    March 01, 2012 - in primary care, then a focus on use of primary care networks would be useful. … The size of a study depends on a variety of factors, including the expected number of outcome events … on the availability of adequate outcome measures. … Duration of the study will depend on the expected accrual of outcome events and the lag between the … A study in which data are collected at a series of points in time on the same population to observe

79. Prognostic Tests (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/medical-test-reviews-prognostic.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - In the event that no RCTs are found, use a decision model to focus on providing best estimates of outcome … Step 2: Searching for Studies (2 of 5) To find data for the first four categories of studies listed on … One option is to focus on providing the best estimates of outcome probabilities by using a decision model … Ideally, the classification of outcome probabilities into prognostic groups should be based on outcome … The NRI statistic focuses instead on subjects with a higher or lower predicted outcome probability when

80. Prognostic Tests (ppt file)
    effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/medical-test-reviews-prognostic.ppt
    June 01, 2012 - In the event that no RCTs are found, use a decision model to focus on providing best estimates of outcome … Step 2: Searching for Studies (2 of 5) To find data for the first four categories of studies listed on … One option is to focus on providing the best estimates of outcome probabilities by using a decision model … Ideally, the classification of outcome probabilities into prognostic groups should be based on outcome … The NRI statistic focuses instead on subjects with a higher or lower predicted outcome probability when